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Chapter 18 Summative Quiz

Question

1. The majority of immigrants who entered the United States circa 1907 came from

Mexico.

Southern and Eastern Europe.

Japan and China.

Great Britain.

Question

2. At the end of the nineteenth century, which of the following helped new immigrants find jobs, housing, and places to socialize in their new communities?

Mutual aid societies

Criminal syndicates

Local government agencies

Police officers

Question

3. People who believed that biological engineering should be used to promote the breeding of “desirable” races and limit the reproduction of the “unfit” were called

nativists.

assimilationists.

eugenicists.

elitists.

Question

4. In the late nineteenth century, those who considered Southern Europeans inferior to Northern Europeans and opposed allowing them to resettle in the United States were proponents of

nativism.

the “melting pot” theory.

anti-Semitism.

the Social Gospel.

Question

5. Which of the following groups had interests that were at odds with immigration restrictions?

Skilled laborers

Factory owners

The American Protective Association

Protestant purists

Question

6. The writings of African American sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois spoke to the predicament of first-generation immigrants by

supporting the “melting pot” theory of gradual transformation from foreigner to American.

implying that they would never be fully accepted by native-born American citizens.

suggesting that they would always remain the products of their native cultures.

suggesting that they would become Americans but also retain their original ethnic identities.

Question

7. Which of the following characterizes the experiences of African Americans who migrated from the rural South to the urban North at the turn of the twentieth century?

They no longer experienced discrimination in employment.

They were free to live wherever they wanted.

They were able to work fewer hours and earn higher wages.

They experienced isolation and lack of community identity.

Question

8. In the late nineteenth century, small, multiple-family apartment buildings with minimal plumbing and few windows were called

barracks.

sweatshops.

tenements.

shanties.

Question

9. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, devastating fires in densely populated cities like Chicago, San Francisco, Boston, and Baltimore led to the

exodus of middle-class residents from inner cities.

establishment of volunteer fire departments.

improvement of plumbing in poor communities.

use of brick and steel in urban architecture.

Question

10. Despite residential segregation, the problems of the urban poor at the end of the nineteenth century became the concern of the middle and upper classes because

they paid high taxes to support government welfare programs.

epidemics that began in slums usually spread to more affluent neighborhoods.

slum dwellers received a disproportionate share of city services and infrastructure.

they felt responsible for assimilating immigrants into American society.

Question

11. Which of the following expresses the philosophy of the typical boss of a big-city political machine at the end of the nineteenth century?

Political power should be used to improve quality of life for the poor.

Cities would operate more efficiently if they used civil service exams to hire employees.

Land use decisions should be made by elected officials rather than private business interests.

Political power is primarily a vehicle for accumulating personal wealth.

Question

12. The main purpose of civil service reform was to

eliminate racial and ethnic discrimination from government hiring policies.

encourage immigrants to enter government service.

guarantee that government employees were qualified for their positions.

help political machines operate more efficiently.