Chapter Review

1. Question

   What challenges did new immigrants to the United States face?

2. Question

   What steps did immigrants take to meet these challenges?

3. Question

   What factors contributed to rapid urban growth in the late nineteenth century?

4. Question

   How did the American cities of 1850 differ from those of 1900? What factors account for these differences?

5. Question

   What role did political machines play in late-nineteenth-century cities?

6. Question

   Who led the opposition to machine control of city politics, and what solutions and alternatives did they offer?