We wish to thank the talented scholars and teachers who were kind enough to give their time and knowledge to review the manuscript:

Benjamin Allen, South Texas College

Christine Anderson, Xavier University

Uzoamaka Melissa C. Anyiwo, Curry College

Anthony A. Ball, Housatonic Community College

Terry A. Barnhart, Eastern Illinois University

Edwin Benson, North Harford High School

Paul Berk, Christian Brothers University

Deborah L. Blackwell, Texas A&M International University

Thomas Born, Blinn College

Margaret Bramlett, St. Andrews Episcopal High School

Lauren K. Bristow, Collin College

Tsekani Browne, Duquesne University

Jon L. Brudvig, Dickinson State University

Dave Bush, Shasta College

Barbara Calluori, Montclair State University

Julia Schiavone Camacho, The University of Texas at El Paso

Jacqueline Glass Campbell, Francis Marion University

Amy E. Canfield, Lewis-Clark State College

Dominic Carrillo, Grossmont College

Mark R. Cheathem, Cumberland University

Laurel A. Clark, University of Hartford

Myles L. Clowers, San Diego City College

Hamilton Cravens, Iowa State University

Audrey Crawford, Houston Community College

John Crum, University of Delaware

Alex G. Cummins, St. Johns River State College

Susanne Deberry-Cole, Morgan State University

Julian J. DelGaudio, Long Beach City College

Patricia Norred Derr, Kutztown University

John Donoghue, Loyola University Chicago

Timothy Draper, Waubonsee Community College

David Dzurec, University of Scranton

Keith Edgerton, Montana State University Billings

Blake Ellis, Lone Star College

Christine Erickson, Indiana University–Purdue University Fort Wayne

Todd Estes, Oakland University

Gabrielle Everett, Jefferson College

Julie Fairchild, Sinclair Community College

Randy Finley, Georgia Perimeter College

Kirsten Fischer, University of Minnesota

Michelle Fishman-Cross, College of Staten Island

Jeffrey Forret, Lamar University

Kristen Foster, Marquette University

Susan Freeman, Western Michigan University

Nancy Gabin, Purdue University

Kevin Gannon, Grand View University

Benton Gates, Indiana University–Purdue University Fort Wayne

Bruce Geelhoed, Ball State University

Mark Gelfand, Boston College

Jason George, The Bryn Mawr School

Judith A. Giesberg, Villanova University

Sherry Ann Gray, Mid-South Community College

Patrick Griffin, University of Notre Dame

Aaron Gulyas, Mott Community College

Scott Gurman, Northern Illinois University

Melanie Gustafson, University of Vermont

Brian Hart, Del Mar College

Paul Hart, Texas State University

Paul Harvey, University of Colorado Colorado Springs

Woody Holton, University of Richmond

Vilja Hulden, University of Arizona

Colette A. Hyman, Winona State University

Brenda Jackson-Abernathy, Belmont University

Troy R. Johnson, California State University–Long Beach

Shelli Jordan-Zirkle, Shoreline Community College

Jennifer Kelly, The University of Texas at Austin

Kelly Kennington, Auburn University

Andrew E. Kersten, University of Wisconsin–Green Bay

Janilyn M. Kocher, Richland Community College

Max Krochmal, Duke University

Peggy Lambert, Lone Star College

Jennifer R. Lang, Delgado Community College

John S. Leiby, Paradise Valley Community College

Mitchell Lerner, The Ohio State University

Matthew Loayza, Minnesota State University, Mankato

Gabriel J. Loiacono, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh

John F. Lyons, Joliet Junior College

Lorie Maltby, Henderson Community College

Christopher Manning, Loyola University Chicago

Marty D. Matthews, North Carolina State University

Eric Mayer, Victor Valley College

Suzanne K. McCormack, Community College of Rhode Island

David McDaniel, Marquette University

J. Kent McGaughy, Houston Community College, Northwest

Alan McPherson, Howard University

Sarah Hand Meacham, Virginia Commonwealth University

Brian Craig Miller, Emporia State University

Brett Mizelle, California State University Long Beach

Mark Moser, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Jennifer Murray, Coastal Carolina University

Peter C. Murray, Methodist University

Steven E. Nash, East Tennessee State University

Chris Newman, Elgin Community College

David Noon, University of Alaska Southeast

Richard H. Owens, West Liberty University

David J. Peavler, Towson University

Laura A. Perry, University of Memphis

Wesley Phelps, University of St. Thomas

Merline Pitre, Texas Southern University

Eunice G. Pollack, University of North Texas

Kimberly Porter, University of North Dakota

Cynthia Prescott, University of North Dakota

Gene Preuss, University of Houston

Sandra Pryor, Old Dominion University

Rhonda Ragsdale, Lone Star College

Michaela Reaves, California Lutheran University

Peggy Renner, Glendale Community College

Steven D. Reschly, Truman State University

Barney J. Rickman, Valdosta State University

Pamela Riney-Kehrberg, Iowa State University

Paul Ringel, High Point University

Timothy Roberts, Western Illinois University

Glenn Robins, Georgia Southwestern State University

Alicia E. Rodriquez, California State University Bakersfield

Mark Roehrs, Lincoln Land Community College

Patricia Roessner, Marple Newtown High School

John G. Roush, St. Petersburg College

James Russell, St. Thomas Aquinas College

Eric Schlereth, The University of Texas at Dallas

Ronald Schultz, University of Wyoming

Stanley K. Schultz, University of Wisconsin–Madison

Sharon Shackelford, Erie Community College

Donald R. Shaffer, American Public University System

David J. Silverman, The George Washington University

Andrea Smalley, Northern Illinois University

Molly Smith, Friends School of Baltimore

David L. Snead, Liberty University

David Snyder, Delaware Valley College

Jodie Steeley, Merced College

Bryan E. Stone, Del Mar College

Emily Straus, SUNY Fredonia

Jean Stuntz, West Texas A&M University

Nikki M. Taylor, University of Cincinnati

Heather Ann Thompson, Temple University

Timothy Thurber, Virginia Commonwealth University

T. J. Tomlin, University of Northern Colorado

Laura Trauth, Community College of Baltimore County–Essex

Russell M. Tremayne, College of Southern Idaho

Laura Tuennerman-Kaplan, California University of Pennsylvania

Vincent Vinikas, The University of Arkansas at Little Rock

David Voelker, University of Wisconsin–Green Bay

Ed Wehrle, Eastern Illinois University

Gregory Wilson, University of Akron

Maria Cristina Zaccarini, Adelphi University

Nancy Zens, Central Oregon Community College

Jean Hansen Zuckweiler, University of Northern Colorado

We also appreciate the help the following scholars and students gave us in providing the information we needed at critical points in the writing of this text: Leslie Brown, Andrew Buchanan, Gillian Carroll, Susan J. Carroll, Paul Clemens, Dorothy Sue Cobble, Jane Coleman-Harbison, Alison Cronk, Elisabeth Eittreim, Phyllis Hunter, Tera Hunter, William Link, James Livingston, Julia Livingston, Gilda Morales, Vicki L. Ruiz, Susan Schrepfer, Bonnie Smith, Melissa Stein, Margaret Sumner, Jessica Unger, and Anne Valk. Jacqueline Castledine and Julia Sandy-Bailey worked closely with us in finding documents and creating the Document Projects. Without them, this would not be a docutext.

We would particularly like to applaud the many hardworking and creative people at Bedford/St. Martin’s who guided us through the labyrinthine process of writing a textbook from scratch. No one was more important to us than the indefatigable and unflappable Sara Wise, our developmental editor. We are also deeply grateful to Patricia Rossi, who first persuaded us to undertake this project. Joan Feinberg had the vision that guided us through every page of this book. We could not have had a better team than Denise Wydra, Mary Dougherty, William Lombardo, Jane Knetzger, Christina Horn, Jennifer Jovin, Katherine Bates, Amy Whitaker, Jenna Bookin Barry, Daniel McDonough, and Arrin Kaplan. They also enlisted Naomi Kornhauser, Charlotte Miller, Linda McLatchie, Heidi Hood, Rob Heinrich, Shannon Hunt, John Reisbord, and Michelle McSweeney to provide invaluable service. Finally, we would like to thank our friends and family who have been asking us these past years, “When will you be finished?” We are very pleased to be able to respond, “The time is now.”

Nancy A. Hewitt and Steven F. Lawson