Draw Conclusions from the Evidence for Thinking through Sources 20
Instructions
This exercise asks you to assess the relationship between conclusions and evidence. Identify which of the following conclusions are supported by the specific piece of evidence. Click “yes” for those pieces of evidence that support the conclusion and “no” for those that do not.
Conclusion A
As part of its effort to transform American neutrality into support for the Allies, the Committee on Public Information distributed propaganda that portrayed the Allies as humanity’s saviors and the Central Powers as savage beasts.
Evidence 1: “And John, if he was living now, would surely say with me,‘No son of ours shall e’er disgrace our grand old family treeBy turning out a slacker when his country needs his aid.’It is not of such timber that America was made.”—Document 20.1: It’s Duty Boy
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Evidence 2: The depiction of the German soldier in Document 20.2: Halt the Hun!
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Evidence 3: “Neatness, precision in detail without fuss and worry, promptness, reliability, scrupulous integrity, thoughtfulness and courtesy—these things come from army comradeship and discipline.”—Document 20.4: He Will Come Back a Better Man!
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Evidence 4: “The initial disadvantages and persistent misunderstandings that did so much to cloud public estimation of the Committee had their origin in the almost instant antagonism of the metropolitan press At the time of my appointment a censorship bill was before Congress, and the newspapers, choosing to ignore the broad sweep of the Committee’s functions, proceeded upon the exclusive assumption that I was to be ‘the censor.’”—Document 20.5: George Creel, The “Censorship” Bugbear
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Conclusion B
The Committee on Public Information relied on emotional appeals rather than reasoned analysis to sell World War I to the American public.
Evidence 1: “I’d rather you had died at birth or not been born at all,Than know that I had raised a son who cannot hear the callThat freedom has sent round the world, its previous rights to save—This call is meant for you, my boy, and I would have you brave;And though my heart is breaking, boy, I bid you do your part,And show the world no son of mine is cursed with craven heart.”—Document 20.1: It’s Duty Boy
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Evidence 2: The image in document 20.2: Halt the Hun!
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Evidence 3: Tips included under “What Can History Teachers Do Now?”—Document 20.3: Advertisement in History Teacher’s Magazine
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Evidence 4: Image in Document 20.4: He Will Come Back a Better Man!
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Conclusion C
The Committee on Public Information persuaded the American press to monitor itself but still faced critics who alleged that its mission promoted censorship and violated the U.S. Constitution.
Evidence 1: “And if, perchance, you ne’er return, my later days to cheer,And I have only memories of my brave boy, so dear,I’d rather have it so, my boy, and know you bravely diedThan have a living coward sit supinely by my side.To save the world from sin, my boy, God gave his only son—He’s asking for My boy, to-day, and may His will be done.”—Document 20.1: It’s Duty Boy
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Evidence 2: “III. Official Bulletin: Accurate daily statement of what all agencies of government are doing in war times. Sent free to newspapers and postmasters (to be put on bulletin boards). Subscription price 85.00 per year.”—Document 20.3: Advertisement in History Teacher’s Magazine
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Evidence 3: Advertisement depicted in Document 20.4: He Will Come Back a Better Man!
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Evidence 4: “With the nation in arms, the need was not so much to keep the press from doing the hurtful things as to get it to do the helpful things. It was not servants we wanted, but associates. Better far to have the desired compulsions proceed from within than to apply them from without. Also, for the first time in our history, soldiers of the United States were sailing to fight in a foreign land, leaving families three thousand miles behind them. Nothing was more important than that there should be the least possible impairment of the people’s confidence in the printed information presented to them.”—Document 20.5: George Creel, The “Censorship” Bugbear
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Thinking through Sources forExploring American Histories, Volume 2Printed Page 159