Resting Membrane Potential

Graded Potential

Action Potential

Action Potential Propagation

1

2

3

Extracellular fluid

Cytoplasm

Block / unblock:

all Na⁺
channels

all K⁺
channels

all Na⁺– K⁺
pumps

Block / unblock:

all excitatory
ligand-gated
channels

all inhibitory
ligand-gated
channels

Block / unblock:

all
voltage-gated
Na⁺ channels

all
voltage-gated
K⁺ channels

Block / unblock:

all
voltage-gated
Na⁺ channels

all
voltage-gated
K⁺ channels

Membrane potential (mV)

--

1

mV

2

mV

3

mV

Potential remains at -70 mV

Na⁺

K⁺

Channel key

Info

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