After you've explored the Visual Synthesis Map, click the button below to answer a few questions showing that you've understood the concepts covered here.
Visual Synthesis Map Assessment
0
After you've explored the Visual Synthesis Map, click the button below to answer a few questions showing that you've understood the concepts covered here.
Visual Synthesis Map Assessment
Question 1 of 13
Questions
Question
1.1
Make sure the Navigation button at the top of the map is selected for the duration of this assessment so that you can see the menu. On the "Phenotypes" menu, turn on the Genotypes button. On the map, click on the green magnifying glass icon on Lily’s chromosomes until you reach Zoom Level 9.
The BRCA1 mutation (indicated here in red lettering) results from a change in a single nucleotide with a guanine base (G) to a nucleotide with a thymine base (T).
Such a mutation could result from an error during which process?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.2
Keep the setting as in the previous question (Genotypes button on, zoomed in to Zoom Level 9 on Lily’s chromosomes).
The BRCA1 mutation (indicated here in red lettering) involves a single base pair change (G-C to T-A).
This mutation is a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.3
Click the reset button in the upper-left-hand corner so that you’re back to Zoom Level 2 and can see the entire family tree. Keep the Genotypes button on.
Ruth is heterozygous for the BRCA1 mutation. One of her parents contributed a normal allele to her whereas the other parent contributed a mutant allele to her. From this information, which parent must have contributed the mutant version of this gene to Ruth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.4
Turn on the Phenotypes button in the "Layers" menu.
Ruth developed a tumor in her breast as a result of mutation to her normal copy of this BRCA1 gene. This mutation must have taken place in what kind of cell?
A.
B.
One Try Only!
Students, this question only allows a single try to answer correctly.
Correct.
Incorrect.
Question
1.5
. Open the "BRCA1 Genetics menu" and turn on the button that says "Ruth's arm (normal)." Click on the button that brings you to Zoom Level 12 on Ruth's arm, and make a note of what the chromosomes look like. Now click on "Ruth's breast (mutant)" and the Zoom Level 12 button to see the chromosomes in a cell of Ruth's breast.
Cells in Ruth's breast that have one normal copy and one mutant copy of BRCA1 do not become cancerous. However, cells in Ruth's breast that have two mutant copies (as a result of mutation to the normal copy) become cancerous. This indicates that not just one but two mutant copies of the BRCA1 gene lead to the development of a breast tumor, which indicates that regarding the cancer phenotype, the BRCA1 mutation acts in a __________ manner.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.6
Unlike cells in her breast, cells in Ruth’s arm that have two mutant copies of BRCA1 do not become cancerous. This is likely because:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.7
Reset the map and open the "Mendel's 1st Law" menu. Zoom to Ruth and Isaac's cross by clicking on the Zoom 06 button.
True or False: Children who inherit the BRCA1 mutation from Ruth are more likely to develop cancer than those that inherit the mutation from Isaac.
A.
B.
Correct. Click on the Compare button in the "Mendel's 1st Law" menu to see the expected ratios of a recessive single-gene trait.
Incorrect. Click on the Compare button in the "Mendel's 1st Law" menu to see the expected ratios of a recessive single-gene trait.
2
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Question
1.8
Reset the map and make sure the Genotype button in the “Layers” menu is still on so you can see the chromosomes of Ruth’s and her children’s generations.
Ruth is heterozygous for the BRCA1 mutation. Based on the genotypes of Ruth's children, if information was not available on the genotype of their father Issac, then children of such genotypes could also result if Issac were:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.9
Open the "Mendel's 2nd Law" menu. Zoom to Adam and Leah's cross by clicking on the Zoom 04 button.
When Adam and Leah were anticipating their first child, what was the probability that the child would have inherited the BRCA1 mutation from Adam and the BRCA2 mutation from Leah?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Correct. Click on the Compare button in the “Mendel’s 2nd Law” menu to see the expected ratios for a two-trait cross.
Incorrect. Click on the Compare button in the “Mendel’s 2nd Law” menu to see the expected ratios for a two-trait cross.
2
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Question
1.10
Click on the Humans button on the "Mendel's 2nd Law" menu to turn off the Punnett square comparison. Zoom in to Level 9 on Leah's Chromosome 13 and compare the sequences of the nonmutant and mutant genes.
Based on the difference you see between the nonmutant and mutant versions of the gene, the BRCA2 mutation would result in a(n):
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
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Question
1.11
Reset the map, open the "Testing and Ethical Issues" menu, and zoom to Ben and Sarah's children by clicking on the Zoom 04 button. Click on the SNP genotyping button to see the results of each child's genotype at the BRCA1 mutation site.
According to the data, all four of Ben and Sarah’s children inherited the BRCA1 mutation. What was the probability that Ben and Sarah would have this outcome?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
Try again.
3, 19.31114335506464, 120.05859375
Question
1.12
Reset the map, but make sure the Genotype and Phenotype buttons on the "Layers" menu are still on.
Like her sisters Susan and Lily, Harriet is heterozygous for the BRCA1 mutation. However, unlike Susan and Lily, Harriet did not develop breast cancer. On the other hand, their sister Becky does not have the BRCA1 mutation but developed breast cancer nonetheless. Which is a logical explanation for this scenario?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2
Try again.
3, 19.31114335506464, 120.05859375
Question
1.13
Reset the map, but make sure the Genotype and Phenotype buttons on the "Layers" menu are still on.
Adam and his father Isaac are heterozygous for the BRCA1 mutation but unlike other heterozygotes in this pedigree did not develop breast cancer. Which is a logical explanation for these accounts?