| In addition to the topics covered in the Culture and Human Behavior boxes, cultural influences are addressed in the following discussions. |
| Page(s) |
Topic |
| 12 |
Cross-cultural perspective in contemporary psychology |
| 12 |
Culture, social loafing, and social striving |
| 51 |
Effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture on endorphins |
| 102 |
Cross-cultural research on the language of smell in non-Western groups |
| 108 |
Cross-cultural research on effects of ethnicity and culture on pain perception |
| 127–128 |
Use of acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine for pain relief |
| 160–162 |
Meditation in different cultures |
| 162 |
Research collaboration between Tibetan Buddhist monks and Western neuroscientists |
| 165 |
Racial and ethnic differences in drug metabolism rate |
| 165 |
Cultural norms and patterns of drug use |
| 165 |
Differences in alcohol use by U.S. ethnic groups |
| 170–171 |
Tobacco and caffeine use in different cultures |
| 173 |
Peyote use in religious ceremonies in other cultures |
| 174 |
Medicinal use of marijuana in ancient China, Egypt, India, and Greece |
| 174–175 |
Rave culture and drug use in Great Britain and Europe |
| 204 |
Clash of B. F. Skinner’s philosophy with American cultural ideals and individualistic orientation |
| 218–220 |
Cross-cultural application of observational learning principles in entertainment-education programming in Mexico, Latin America, Asia, and Africa |
| 239–240 |
Cross-cultural research on the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon |
| 287 |
Spontaneous development of sign languages in a Nicaraguan school and a Bedouin village as cross-cultural evidence of innate human predisposition to develop language |
| 288 |
Estimated rate of bilingualism worldwide |
| 291–292 |
Historical misuse of IQ tests to evaluate immigrants |
| 292 |
Wechsler’s recognition of the importance of culture and ethnicity in developing the WAIS intelligence test |
| 296–297 |
Role of culture in Gardner’s definition and theory of intelligence |
| 297–300 |
Role of culture in Sternberg’s definition and theory of intelligence |
| 301 |
IQ and cross-cultural comparison of educational differences |
| 304–305 |
Rapid gains in IQ scores in different nations |
| 305–306 |
Cross-cultural studies of group discrimination and IQ |
| 307 |
Role of culture in tests and test-taking behavior |
| 317–318 |
Culture’s effect on food preference and eating behavior |
| 321 |
Role of globalization in the increase of obesity in developing countries worldwide |
| 322 |
Rates of sedentary lifestyles worldwide |
| 323 |
Obesity rates in cultures with different levels of economic development |
| 329 |
Culture and achievement motivation |
| 331 |
Culturally universal emotions |
| 331–332 |
Culture and emotional experience |
| 331–332 |
Cross-cultural research on gender and emotional expressiveness |
| 334 |
Cross-cultural studies of psychological arousal associated with emotions |
| 334 |
Cross-cultural research on association of different emotions with different physical sensations |
| 338–340 |
Universal facial expressions |
| 338–340 |
Culture, cultural display rules, and emotional expression |
| 362 |
Cross-cultural research on co-sleeping |
| 363 |
Cultural influences on temperament |
| 363 |
Cross-cultural studies of attachment |
| 365 |
Native language and infant language development |
| 365 |
Cross-cultural research on infant-directed speech |
| 365 |
Culture and patterns of language development |
| 373 |
Influence of culture on cognitive development |
| 379 |
Cultural influences on timing of adolescent romantic relationships |
| 383 |
Culture and moral reasoning |
| 394 |
Cultural differences in the effectiveness of different parenting styles |
| 402 |
Culture’s influence on gender and gender roles |
| 402 |
Gender stereotypes in different cultures |
| 404–405 |
Cross-cultural research on gender differences in emotional expression |
| 406 |
Cross-cultural research on cognitive differences between the sexes |
| 411–412 |
Cultural differences in mate preferences |
| 414 |
Role of culture in the expression of gender |
| 431–434 |
Prevalence rates of AIDS among different ethnic and racial groups in the United States and in different societies worldwide |
| 443–445 |
Freud’s impact on Western culture |
| 444–445 |
Cultural influences on Freud’s psychoanalytic theory |
| 453–454 |
Cultural influences on Jung’s personality theory |
| 454 |
Jung on archetypal images, including mandalas, in different cultures |
| 454–455 |
Cultural influences on the development of Horney’s personality theory |
| 459 |
Rogers on cultural factors in the development of antisocial behavior |
| 467 |
Cross-cultural research on the universality of the five-factor model of personality |
| 486–487 |
Cultural conditioning and the “what is beautiful is good” myth |
| 490 |
Attributional biases in individualistic versus collectivistic cultures |
| 493 |
Cultural differences in interpersonal attraction |
| 496–499 |
Stereotypes, prejudice, and group identity |
| 500 |
Use of IAT to study social preferences and stereotypes worldwide |
| 501 |
Application of lessons from Robbers Cave and jigsaw classroom to reduce prejudice and conflict among ethnic and religious groups worldwide |
| 509 |
Cross-cultural comparisons of destructive social influence |
| 510–511 |
Role of cultural differences in abuse at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq |
| 518–519 |
Culture and aggression |
| 521 |
Cultural influences on social loafing and social striving |
| 534 |
Cross-cultural research on life events and stress |
| 537–538 |
Cultural differences as source of stress |
| 547 |
Cross-cultural research on the benefits of perceived control |
| 558–559 |
Effect of culture on coping strategies |
| 567 |
Role of culture in distinguishing between normal and abnormal behavior |
| 569 |
Description of the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases
|
| 570–571 |
Global rates of mental illness |
| 571 |
Cultural differences in rates of mental health treatment |
| 575 |
Cultural variants of panic disorder |
| 576 |
Taijin kyofusho, a culture-specific disorder related to social phobia |
| 578–579 |
PTSD in children living in a war zone in the Middle East and in child soldiers in Uganda and Congo |
| 581 |
Cultural influences in obsessions and compulsions |
| 592–593 |
Culture-bound syndromes |
| 592 |
Western cultural ideals of beauty and prevalence rates of eating disorders |
| 597 |
Cultural differences in rates of borderline personality disorder |
| 598 |
Role of culture in dissociative experiences |
| 604–605 |
Cultural variations in schizophrenia symptoms |
| 605 |
Prevalence and differences in outcome of schizophrenia in different cultures |
| 610–611 |
Findings from the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia |
| 622 |
Use of interpersonal therapy to treat depression in Uganda |
| 638–639 |
Mechanisms for increasing access to mental health care worldwide |
| 644–645 |
Impact of cultural differences on effectiveness of psychotherapy |
| 647 |
Efficacy of traditional herbal treatment for psychotic symptoms in India |