Amnesia

Your textbook describes two types of amnesia: retrograde and anterograde amnesia. Retrograde, or “backward moving,” amnesia usually results from a blow to the head. Following the injury, the individual is unable to remember some or all of his or her past. Anterograde, or “forward moving,” amnesia can be triggered by a number of factors, such as blacking out from too much alcohol or an injury to the hippocampus. An individual with anterograde amnesia is unable to form new memories.

It is not uncommon for suspects awaiting trial to claim that they have limited or even no memory of their violent crimes (Peters, van Oorsouw, Jalicic, & Merckelbach, 2013). They may also claim that they have no memory of events leading up to or following the commission of a crime. This type of forgetting is often called dissociative amnesia.

Question 1

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Question 2

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Question 3

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Question 4

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Question 5

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Question 6

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Question 7

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Question 8

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The hippocampus is involved in forming new explicit memories for episodic and semantic information. As revealed in the case of Henry Gustav Molaison, injury to or removal of the hippocampus can cause anterograde amnesia, or the inability to form new memories. It appears that the hippocampus is not involved in most tasks requiring short-term memory, nor is it a storage site for already established long-term memories. Rather, the hippocampus plays an important role in the encoding of new memories and the transfer of those memories from short-term to long-term memory.