hockenbury7e_quiz_ch8_quiz

Obesity

As described in your textbook, more than one-third of the U.S. population is considered overweight. This rapidly growing health problem is not just limited to the United States. Throughout the world, one and a half billion adults are overweight, with 500 million of these individuals classified as clinically obese. Using your textbook and online resources, answer the following questions about overweight and obesity. For any question that you answer using an article or online resource, provide a citation or the URL of the Website.

Question 1

How is obesity defined?

Question 2

What percentage of school-age children in the United States are obese?

Question 3

There has been a great deal of attention devoted to high-fructose corn syrup and its effects on weight. Is high-fructose corn syrup worse for your body that natural sugar? Explain.

Question 4

What country has the highest obesity rates in the world? What country comes in second?

Question 5

Is it possible to have a high body mass index and still be healthy? Explain your answer.

Question 6

List genetic and environmental factors that contribute to overweight and obesity.

Question 7

How does leptin contribute to overweight and obesity?

Question 8

What are crash dieting and yo-yo dieting? How do these types of diets contribute to weight gain?

Question 9

Using online resources and the research presented in your textbook, list five strategies for reducing overweight and obesity in children and adults.

Question 10

When you are lying down or resting, the rate at which your body uses energy for vital body functions is called

body mass index.

baseline body weight.

basal metabolic rate.

energy homeostasis.

Question 11

Each year in the United States, about _____ adult deaths are directly attributable to obesity.

300,000

25,000

100,000

475,000

Question 12

A healthy body mass index ranges between ____ and _____.

18; 25

10; 15

35; 40

25; 34

Question 13

Valerie was active and fit throughout childhood and adolescence. She is now a senior in college and has gained 38 pounds in the past two years. In addition to a full course load, Valerie works 20 hours a week, is the president of her sorority, and has spent a considerable amount of time looking into graduate schools and assisting professors with research. Valerie frequently complains of being tired and generally sleeps only four to five hours a night. Based on the research in your textbook, what may be contributing to Valerie’s weight gain?

Due to Valerie’s busy schedule and complaints of fatigue, her lack of sleep is likely contributing to her weight gain. Studies show that not getting adequate sleep disrupts metabolism, including the production of the hunger-related hormones leptin and ghrelin. People like Valerie who sleep fewer than seven hours a night have higher BMIs than people who sleep nine or more hours. Sleep-deprived individuals are at high risk of becoming overweight or obese.