ELECTRONIC SOURCES

21. Article with a DOI

A DOI (digital object identifier) is a unique number assigned to specific content, such as a journal article. Include the DOI but not the database name or URL. Note that there is no period after the DOI.

DiGangi, J., Jason, L. A., Mendoza, L., Miller, S. A., & Contreras, R. (2013). The relationship between wisdom and abstinence behaviors in women in recovery from substance abuse. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 39(1), 33-37. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2012.702172

22. Article without a DOI

Give the exact URL or the URL for the journal’s home page if access requires a subscription. Do not give the database name. Note that there is no period after the URL.

McDermott, L. A., & Pettijohn, T. F., II (2011). The influence of clothing fashion and race on the perceived socioeconomic status and person perception of college students. Psychology & Society, 4(2), 64-75. Retrieved from http://www.psychologyandsociety.org/__assets/__original/2012/01/McDermott_Pettijohn.pdf

23. Article in Internet-Only Periodical

An article published exclusively online is unlikely to have page numbers.

Palmer, B. (2013, May 24). How accurate are AAA’s travel forecasts? Slate.com. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/explainer/2013/05/aaa_memorial_day_travel_forecast_are_holiday_driving_predictions_accurate.html

24. Multipage Web Site

Include a retrieval date before the URL if the material is likely to be changed or updated or if it lacks a set publication date. Do not add a period at the end of the entry.

Web Site Author or Sponsor. (Date of Most Recent Update). Title of Web site. Retrieved date, from URL

Department of Homeland Security. (2013). Disasters. Retrieved January 14, 2014, from http://www.dhs.gov/topic/disasters

Linder, D. O. (2013). Famous trials. Retrieved March 2, 2014, from http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/ftrials.htm

25. Part of a Web Site

Short Work Author. (Date of Most Recent Update). Title of short work. Title of Web site. Retrieved date, from URL

Slate, M., & Sestan, N. (2012, September 18). The emerging biology of autism spectrum disorders. Autism speaks. Retrieved from http://www.autismspeaks.org/blog/2012/09/18/emerging-biology-autism-spectrum-disorders

26. Online Posting

For detailed advice on citing social media, see http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/social-media.

Post Author. (Year, Month Day of post). Title of post [Description of post]. Retrieved date, from URL

Parkin, G. (2011, December 5). Mobile learning platforms and tools [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from http://community.astd.org/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/6401041/m/142107851

27. Computer Software or App

If the software or app has an author or editor listed, the reference begins with that.

Title of software [Computer software]. (Publication Year). Publication City, State (abbreviated) or Country of Publication: Publisher.

History: The French revolution [Computer software]. (2009). San Jose, CA: Innovative Knowledge.

When citing an app, look at the most recent update for the publication date.

Title of app. (Publication Year). Creator and version number [Mobile application software]. Retrieval information.

Medscape. (2014). WebMD Health (Version 4.4.1) [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com

28. Entry in a Blog (Weblog)

Hasselbrink, K. (2013, February 5). Chai [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://theyearinfood.com/2013/02/chai.html

29. Podcast

Fogarty, M. (Producer). (2013, May 10). How texting is changing English. [Audio podcast]. Grammar Girl. Retrieved from http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/how-texting-is-changing-english.aspx

30. Entry in a Wiki

Article title. Posting date (if any). Retrieved date, from URL

Selfie. (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfie

image For a video tutorial, see Tutorials > Documentation and Working with Sources > How to Cite a Web Site in APA Style