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Bracketed numbers indicate document numbers.

Chapter 14

[14.3] Defending Native Humanity: Bartolomé de Las Cases, In Defense of the Indians, c. 1548–1550. From In Defense of the Indians (pp. 41–46), translated by Stafford Poole. Copyright © 1974 by Northern Illinois University Press. Used with permission of Northern Illinois University Press.

[14.5] Reforming Christianity: John Calvin, Articles Concerning Predestination, c. 1560, and The Necessity of Reforming the Church, 1543. From Calvin: Theological Treatises, Volume 22, translated by Rev. J. K. S. Reid. © 1954. Used by permission of Westminster John Knox Press. www.wjkbooks.com.

[14.6] Responding to Reformation: St. Ignatius of Loyola, A New Kind of Catholicism, 1546, 1549, 1553. From Saint Ignatius of Loyola, Personal Writings: Reminiscences, Spiritual Diary, Select Letters, Including the Text of The Spiritual Exercises, (pp. 165, 166, 230, 233–34, 257, 259, 262–63), edited and translated by Joseph A. Munitiz and Philip Endean, New York: Penguin Books, 1996. Translation, introductions and notes copyright © Joseph A. Munitiz and Philip Endean, 1996. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Books Ltd.

Chapter 15

[15.2] Barbarians All: Michel de Montaigne, Of Cannibals, 1580s. From Selected Essays of Montaigne by Michel de Montaigne, edited by Blanchard Bates, translated by C. Cotton and W. C. Hazlit. Translation copyright © 1949 by Random House, Inc. Used by permission of Random House, Inc.

[15.3] Defending Religious Liberty: Apology of the Bohemian Estates, May 25, 1618. From The Thirty Years War: A Documentary History, edited and translated by Tryntje Helfferich. Copyright © 2009 by Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved.

[15.4] The Scientific Challenge: Galileo, Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina, 1615. From Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo (pp. 175–86), by Galileo Galilei, translated by Stillman Drake. Copyright © 1957 by Stillman Drake. Used by permission of Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc.

[15.5] The Persecution of Witches: The Trial of Suzanne Gaudry, 1652. From Witchcraft in Europe, 1100–1700: A Documentary History (pp. 266–75), edited by Alan C. Kors and Edward Peters, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. Reprinted by permission of the University of Pennsylvania Press.

Chapter 16

[16.1] Mercantilism in the Colonies: Instructions from Jean-Baptiste Colbert, 1667, 1668, and A Royal Ordinance, 1669. From Pierre Clément, ed., Lettres Instructions et Mémoires de Colbert, Volume 3, Part 2, Instructions au Marquis de Seignlay: Colonies (Paris: 1865), translated by David Kammerling Smith in The West in the Wider World, Vol. 2, by Richard Lim and David K. Smith (New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2003).

[16.5] Opposing Serfdom: Ludwig Fabritius, The Revolt of Stenka Razin, 1670. From Russia under Western Eyes, 1517–1825 (pp. 120–23), edited by Anthony Glenn Cross. Published by St. Martin’s Press, 1971.

Chapter 17

[17.2] A “Sober and Wholesome Drink”: A Brief Description of the Excellent Vertues of That Sober and Wholesome Drink, Called Coffee, 1674. Eighteenth-Century Coffee-House Culture, vol. 1, Restoration Satire (pp. 129), edited by Markman Ellis. Copyright © 2006. Reproduced from Eighteenth-Century Coffee-House Culture with the permission of Pickering & Chatto Publishers.

[17.3] Westernizing Russian Culture: Peter I, Decrees and Statutes, 1701–1723. The Decree on “German” Dress, the Decree on the Shaving of Beards and Moustaches, and the Statute of the College of Manufactures from A Source Book for Russian History from Early Times to 1917, Volume 2, edited by George Vernadsky. Copyright © 1972 by Yale University. The Decree on the Invitation to Foreigners reprinted with the permission of Scribner, a Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc., from Peter the Great by Robert K. Massie. Copyright © 1980 by Robert K. Massie. All rights reserved.

[17.5] Questioning Women’s Submission: Mary Astell, Reflections upon Marriage, 1706. From The First English Feminist: Reflections upon Marriage and Other Writings (pp. 69–76), edited and introduced by Bridget Hill. Copyright © 1986 by St. Martin’s Press. Reprinted by permission of St. Martin’s Press.

Chapter 18

[18.1] Rethinking Modern Civilization: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men, 1753. From Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men (pp. 42–43, 83–85, 87–91, 93–95), translated and edited by Helena Rosenblatt. Reprinted by permission of Bedford/St. Martin’s.

[18.2] An Enlightened Worker: Jacques-Louis Ménétra, Journal of My Life, 1764–1802. From Journal of My Life, introduction by Daniel Roche, translated by Arthur Goldhammer. Copyright © 1986 by Columbia University Press. Reprinted with permission of the publisher.

[18.3] Reforming the Law: Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments, 1764. From On Crimes and Punishments and Other Writings, edited by Richard Bellamy. Copyright © in the English translation, introduction, and editorial matter by Cambridge University Press 1995. Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University Press.

[18.5] Enlightened Monarchy: Frederick II, Political Testament, 1752. From Europe in Review (pp. 111–12), edited by George L. Mosse, Rondo E. Cameron, Henry Bertram Hill, and Michael B. Petrovich, Chicago: Rand McNally and Company, 1957.

Chapter 19

[19.1] Defining the Nation: Abbé Sieyès, What Is the Third Estate? 1789. From The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief Documentary History (pp. 65–70), edited and translated by Lynn Hunt. Copyright © 1996 by Lynn Hunt. Reprinted by permission of Bedford/St. Martin’s.

[19.4] A Call for Women’s Inclusion: Olympe de Gouges, Declaration of the Rights of Woman, 1791. From Women in Revolutionary Paris, 1789–1795: Selected Documents Translated with Notes and Commentary, translated with notes and commentary by Darline Gay Levy, Harriet Branson Applewhite, and Mary Durham Johnson. Copyright © 1979 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. Used with permission of the editors and the University of Illinois Press.

[19.5] Defending Terror: Maximilien Robespierre, Report on the Principles of Political Morality, 1794. From The Ninth of Thermidor: The Fall of Robespierre (pp. 33–36, 38–39), edited by Richard Bienvenu. Copyright © 1968 by Oxford University Press. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press.

[19.6] Liberty for All?: Decree of General Liberty, August 29, 1793. From H. Pauléus Sannon, Histoire de Toussaint Louverture, in Slave Revolution in the Caribbean, translated by Laurent DuBois and John D. Garrigus, New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006. Bramante Lazzary, General Call to Local Insurgents, August 30, 1793. From Archives Nationales, DXXV 23, 231, letter 96, in Slave Revolution in the Caribbean, translated by Laurent DuBois and John D. Garrigus, New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006. Reprinted by permission of Bedford/St. Martin’s.

Chapter 20

[20.1] Napoleon in Egypt: The Chronicle of Abd al-Rahman al-Jabartî, 1798. From Napoleon in Egypt: Al Jabartî’s Chronicle of the French Occupation, 1798 (pp. 24–33), by Markus Wiener and translated by Shmuel Moreh. Copyright © 1993. Reprinted by permission of Brill.

[20.3] Challenge to Autocracy: Peter Kakhovsky, The Decembrist Insurrection in Russia, 1825. From The First Russian Revolution, 1825, by Anatole Mazour. Copyright © 1937 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University, renewed 1964 by Anatole Mazour. All rights reserved. Used with the permission of Stanford University Press, www.sup.org.

[20.5] Musical Romanticism: Reviews of Beethoven’s Works, 1799, 1812. Reprinted from The Critical Reception of Beethoven’s Compositions, Volume I, edited and translated by Wayne M. Senner. Copyright © 1999 by the University of Nebraska Press, 1999. Used by permission of the University of Nebraska Press.

Chapter 21

[21.1] Establishing New Work Habits: Factory Rules in Berlin, 1844. From Documents of European Economic History, Volume I: The Process of Industrialization 1750–1870 (pp. 534–36), by Sidney Pollard and C. Holmes. Copyright © 1968 by St. Martin’s Press, Inc. Reprinted by permission of St. Martin’s Press, Inc.

[21.4] What Is the Proletariat?: Friedrich Engels, Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith, 1847. From Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Collected Works, Volume 6 (pp. 96–103). Copyright © 1975. Reprinted by permission of International Publishers Company.

[21.5] Demanding Political Freedom: Address by the Hungarian Parliament, March 14, 1848, and Demands of the Hungarian People, March 15, 1848. From Documents in the Political History of the European Continent, 1815–1939, ed. G. A. Kertesz (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968), 123–126. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press.

Chapter 22

[22.2] Fighting for Italian Nationalism: Camillo di Cavour, Letter to King Victor Emmanuel, July 24, 1858. From The Making of Italy, 1796–1870, edited by Denis Mack Smith, Macmillan, 1968. Reproduced with permission of Palgrave Macmillan.

[22.3] Realpolitik and Otto von Bismarck: Rudolf von Ihering, Two Letters, 1866. From Walter Michael Simon, Germany in the Age of Bismarck, London: Allen and Unwin, 1968. Reproduced by permission of Taylor & Francis Books UK.

Chapter 23

[23.1] Defending Conquest: Jules Ferry, Speech before the French National Assembly, 1883. From Modern Imperialism: Western Overseas Expansion and Its Aftermath, 1776–1965 (pp. 69–74), edited by Ralph A. Austin. Copyright © 1969 by D. C. Heath. Reprinted by permission of R. A. Austin.

[23.4] The Advance of Unionism: Margaret Bondfield, A Life’s Work, 1948. From A Life’s Work, published by Hutchinson. Reprinted by permission of The Random House Group Ltd.

[23.5] Artistic Expression: Edgar Degas, Notebooks, 1863–1884. From Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, 1874–1904 (pp. 61–63), edited by Linda Nochlin. Published by Prentice-Hall, 1966. Reprinted by permission of the author.

Chapter 24

[24.2] Tapping the Human Psyche: Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, 1900. From The Basic Writings of Sigmund Freud, edited by A. A. Brill. Used by permission of the Estate of A. A. Brill.

[24.3] The Dreyfus Affair: Émile Zola, J’accuse! January 13, 1898. From The Dreyfus Affair, “J’accuse” and Other Writings, edited by Alain Pagès, translated by Eleanor Levieux. Copyright © 1996 by Yale University. English language translation copyright © Eleanor Levieux, 1996.

[24.6] Exalting War: Henri Massis and Alfred de Tarde, The Young People of Today, 1912. From Readings in Western Civilization, Volume 9: Twentieth-Century Europe, edited by John W. Boyer and Jan Goldstein. Copyright © 1987 by the University of Chicago.

Chapter 25

[25.1] The Horrors of War: Fritz Franke and Siegfried Sassoon, Two Soldiers’ Views, 1914–1918. “Counter-Attack” from Collected Poems of Siegfried Sassoon. Copyright © 1918, 1920 by E. P. Dutton. Copyright © 1936, 1946, 1947, 1948 by Siegfried Sassoon. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. Copyright Siegfried Sassoon by kind permission of the Estate of George Sassoon.

[25.2] Mobilizing for Total War: L. Doriat, Women on the Home Front, 1917. Excerpt from Lines of Fire: Women Writers of World War I by Margaret R. Higonnet, editor, pp. 129–31. Copyright © 1999 Margaret R. Higonnet. Reprinted by permission of Sanford J. Greenburger, Inc.

[25.3] Revolutionary Marxism Defended: Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, The State and Revolution, 1917. From V. I. Lenin: Collected Works, Volume 25: June-September 1917 (pp. 385–87, 396–97, 404, 413, 425–26, 455–56), translated and edited by Stepan Apresyan and Jim Riordan, London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1970.

[25.4] Establishing Fascism in Italy: Benito Mussolini, The Doctrine of Fascism, 1932. From The Social and Political Doctrines of Contemporary Europe, edited and translated by Michael Oakeshott, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1947.

[25.5] A New Form of Anti-Semitism: Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, 1925. From Mein Kampf (pp. 290, 300, 303, 326, 643, 646, 649, 652–53), translated by Ralph Manheim. Copyright © 1999. Reprinted by permission of Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Chapter 26

[26.1] Socialist Nationalism: Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Propaganda Pamphlet, 1930. From Documents of German History (pp. 414–16), edited by Louis L. Snyder. Copyright © 1958 by Rutgers, the State University. Reprinted by permission of Rutgers University Press.

[26.2] The Spanish Civil War: Eyewitness Accounts of the Bombing of Guernica, 1937. From Blood of Spain: An Oral History of the Spanish Civil War (pp. 398–401), by Ronald Fraser, New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.

[26.4] The Final Solution: Sam Bankhalter and Hinda Kibort, Memories of the Holocaust, 1938–1945. From Rhoda G. Lewin. Witnesses to the Holocaust: An Oral History, 1E. © 1991 Gale, a part of Cengage Learning, Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions.

[26.5] Atomic Catastrophe: Michihiko Hachiya, Hiroshima Diary, August 7, 1945. From Hiroshima Diary: The Journal of a Japanese Physician, August 6–September 30, 1945, translated and edited by Warner Wells, M.D. Copyright © 1955 by the University of North Carolina Press, renewed 1983 by Warner Wells. Foreword by John W. Dower © 1995 by the University of North Carolina Press. Used by permission of the publisher. www.uncpress.unc.edu.

Chapter 27

[27.3] Throwing Off Colonialism: Ho Chi Minh, Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Vietnam, 1945. Reprinted from Conflict in Indo-China and International Repercussions: A Documentary History, 1945–1955, edited by Allan B. Cole. Used by permission of the publisher, Cornell University Press.

[27.4] The Condition of Modern Women: Simone De Beauvoir, The Second Sex, 1949. From The Second Sex, translated by H. M. Parshley. Copyright © 1952 and renewed 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc.

Chapter 28

[28.1] Prague Spring: Josef Smrkovský, What Lies Ahead, February 9, 1968. From The Prague Spring 1968: A National Security Archive Documents Reader (pp. 45–50), edited by Jaromir Navratil. Copyright © 1998. Reprinted by permission of The Central European Press.

[28.2] A Revolutionary Time: Student Voices of Protest, 1968. From A Student Generation in Revolt (pp. 9–12), by Ronald Fraser et al. Copyright © 1988. Reprinted by permission of Pantheon Books, a division of Random House, Inc. and courtesy of Darhansoff, Verrill, Feldman Literary Agents.

[28.5] Facing Terrorism: Jacques Chirac, New French Antiterrorist Laws, September 14, 1986. From Terrorism: A Documentary History (pp. 85–87), by Bruce Maxwell. Copyright © 2002 by CQ Press, a division of SAGE Publications, Inc.

[28.6] Debating Change in the Soviet Union: Glasnost and the Soviet Press, 1988. From Gorbachev and Glasnost: Viewpoints from the Soviet Press, edited by Isaac J. Tarasulo. Copyright © 1989 by Scholarly Resources, Inc. Published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated.

Chapter 29

[29.1] Ethnic Cleansing: The Diary of Zlata Filipovic, October 6, 1991–June 29, 1992. From Zlata’s Diary: A Child’s Life in Sarajevo by Zlata Filipovic, translated by Christina Pribichevich-Zorić. Copyright © 1994 by Editions Robert Laffont/Fixot. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.

[29.3] Addressing Climate Change in the Eurozone: The European Commission’s Energy Roadmap 2050, 2011. From European Energy Roadmap 2050, Introduction and Public Consultation on Energy Roadmap 2050: Answers Submitted via Online Questionnaire from Citizens, http://ec.europa.eu/. Copyright © European Union.

[29.6] The Post-9/11 Era: Amartya Sen, A World Not Neatly Divided, November 23, 2001. From New York Times (p. A39).

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