| 1000–750 B.C.E. | Greece experiences Dark Age |
| 900 B.C.E. | Neo-Assyrian Empire emerges |
| 800 B.C.E. | Greeks learn to write with an alphabet |
| 776 B.C.E. | Olympic Games are founded in Greece |
| 750 B.C.E. | Greeks begin to create the polis |
| 700 B.C.E. | Spartans conquer Messenia, enslave its inhabitants as helots |
| 700–500 B.C.E. | Ionian philosophers develop rationalism |
| 657 B.C.E. | Cypselus becomes tyrant in Corinth |
| 630 B.C.E. | The lyric poet Sappho is born |
| 597 and 586 B.C.E. | Israelites are exiled to Babylon |
| 594 B.C.E. | Solon's reforms promote early democracy in Athens |
| 546–510 B.C.E. | Peisistratus's family rules Athens as tyrants |
| 539 B.C.E. | Persian king Cyrus captures Babylon, permits Israelites to return to Canaan |
| 508–500 B.C.E. | Cleisthenes's reforms extend democracy in Athens |