Chapter 14 Review: Important Events
| 1492 | Columbus reaches the Americas |
| 1494 | Italian Wars begin; Treaty of Tordesillas divides Atlantic world between Portugal and Spain |
| 1516 | Erasmus publishes Greek edition of the New Testament |
| 1517 | Luther composes ninety-five theses to challenge Catholic church |
| 1519 | Cortés captures Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán |
| 1520 | Luther publishes three treatises; Zwingli breaks from Rome |
| 1525 | German Peasants’ War |
| 1527 | Charles V’s imperial troops sack Rome |
| 1529 | Colloquy of Marburg addresses disagreements between German and Swiss church reformers |
| 1534 | Henry VIII breaks with Rome; Affair of the Placards in France |
| 1536 | Calvin publishes Institutes of the Christian Religion |
| 1540 | Jesuits established as new Catholic order |
| 1545–1563 | Catholic Council of Trent condemns Protestant beliefs, confirms Catholic doctrine |
| 1547 | Charles V defeats Protestants at Mühlberg |
| 1555 | Peace of Augsburg ends religious wars and recognizes Lutheran church in German states |
| 1559 | Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis ends wars between Habsburg and Valois rulers |
Consider three events: Luther publishes three treatises (1520), German Peasants’ War (1525), and Catholic Council of Trent condemns Protestant beliefs, confirms Catholic doctrine (1545–1563). How did Luther’s treatises inspire the uprising of peasants and urban artisans? How did the changes wrought by the first two events prompt the Council of Trent, its goals, and its decisions?