A short segment of DNA from one of the chromosomes is shown. Each individual has two copies of the segment. In the mother, these are labeled M1 and M2; in the father, F1 and F2. The child inherited copy M1 from its mother and F2 from its father. The version of F2 in the child carries a new point mutation (red). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that distinguish the different copies are shown in green (mother) and purple (father).