The final defining characteristic of competent interpersonal communication is ethics, the set of moral principles that guide our behavior toward others (Spitzberg & Cupach, 2002). At a minimum, we are ethically obligated to avoid intentionally hurting others through our communication. By this standard, communication that’s intended to erode a person’s self-esteem, that expresses intolerance or hatred, that intimidates or threatens others’ physical well-being, or that expresses violence is unethical and therefore incompetent (Parks, 1994).
Is the obligation to communicate ethically absolute or situation-dependent? That is, are there circumstances in which it’s ethical to communicate in a way that hurts someone else’s feelings? Can one be disrespectful or dishonest, and still ethical? If so, when?
To truly be an ethical communicator, however, we must go beyond simply not doing harm. During every interpersonal encounter, we need to strive to treat others with respect, and communicate with them honestly, kindly, and positively (Englehardt, 2001). For additional guidelines on ethical communication, review the “Credo for Ethical Communication” on the following page.
We all are capable of competence in situations where it’s easy to behave appropriately, effectively, and ethically. True competence is developed when we consistently communicate competently across all situations that we face, including contexts that are uncertain, complex, and unpleasant. One of the goals of this book is to arm you with the knowledge and skills you need to meet challenges to your competence with confidence.
The National Communication Association (NCA) is the largest professional organization representing communication instructors, researchers, practitioners, and students in the United States. In 1999, the NCA Legislative Council adopted this “Credo for Ethical Communication” (National Communication Association, 1999).