Essay Questions

Question

1. After reading the text, how can you explain the way gender socialization has shaped your identity? Identify the key characteristics of men and women as dictated by your culture.

[Model Answer] Gender influences how we see ourselves through socialization and messages received about what it means to be male or female. Gender is different from sex, or the innate biological differences we are born with. In my culture, women are generally taught to be compassionate and nurturing and to think of themselves as interconnected to others. Men are taught to be competitive, assertive, and independent. The answer can be found on pages 32 - 33.

Question

2. Identify three ways to improve your online self-presentation.

[Model Answer] First, remember that online communication is dominated by visual information (text, photos, videos), so make wise choices in the words and images you select to present yourself to others. Second, always remember the rule that what others say about you online is more important than what you say about yourself, so consider and remove postings that conflict with the face you intend to present. Search the Internet to discover what others are saying about you. Finally, submit your online self-presentation to the “interview test”—would you feel comfortable sharing this information during a job interview? The answer can be found on pages 39 - 40.

Question

3. Describe the interpersonal process model of intimacy and its relationship to self-disclosure.

[Model Answer] The interpersonal process model of intimacy is based on the revelation of personal information about ourselves, or self-disclosure, to another person. However, for this relationship to be intimate, the listener must be responsive to the disclosure; simply revealing personal details to another person does not necessarily make the relationship intimate. The answer can be found on pages 42 - 43.

Question

4. Explain self-discrepancy theory and how it relates to self-esteem.

[Model Answer] Self-discrepancy theory proposes that your self-esteem is determined by how you compare your ideal, or perfect, self with your ought self, or what others expect you to be. When these two selves match, you generally have high self-esteem. However, when you perceive yourself to be inferior to both your ideal and ought selves, you experience a discrepancy and are likely to suffer low self-esteem. The answer can be found on page 30.