Chapter Review

KEY TERMS

perception

selection

salience

organization

image punctuation (to watch the video see "Browse Resources for this Unit")

interpretation

schemata

attributions

fundamental attribution error

actor-observer effect

image self-serving bias

image Uncertainty Reduction Theory

ingroupers

outgroupers

personality

implicit personality theories

interpersonal impressions

Gestalt

positivity bias

negativity effect

image halo effect

image horn effect

image algebraic impressions

stereotyping

image empathy

perception-checking

Chapter Activities

  1. Gather physical or virtual images of people you do not know (for example, use magazine images or photos of friends of friends that appear in your Facebook feed). Based on your observations of these individuals, describe their marital status, occupation, political affiliation, likability, intelligence, and so on. Describe how and why you made these judgments based on a photo. What information was salient to you? How did you use existing knowledge to interpret information?

    Question

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  2. image Watch the video on punctuation (see "Browse Resources for this Unit") and write out your own original scenario in which punctuation is perceived differently among the people involved, leading to problematic interactions. At the end of your scenario, write two to three paragraphs on how your situation could have been avoided or improved.

    Question

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  3. Write a brief synopsis of a recent time someone was rude to you. Identify the possible internal and external attributions that could be made for your own and the other person’s behavior. Name potential attribution errors that may have contributed to this situation (e.g., the fundamental attribution error, actor-observer effect, self-serving bias, etc.).

    Question

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  4. Fill in the blanks: “Craig is smart, funny, and ____.” Alison is “kind, fun-loving, and _____.” Then create your own phrase for a significant other and challenge your class (or a small group) to fill in the blank. Discuss how presuming specific personality traits can lead to communicating in inappropriate and ineffective ways.

    Question

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  5. image Watch the videos on halo effect and horn effect and then find another example of either from a media source. (YouTube or movieclips.com are always good options.) Analyze your example based on these questions: What effects (positive or negative) does the halo effect or horn effect have on the relationships in the example? How could the communication and relationships be improved?

    Question

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