Table 4.4:
Types of Toponyms

Language Family Speakers (in millions) Main Areas Where Spoken
Chinese (all dialects) Sino-Tibetan 1,213 China, Taiwan, Singapore
Spanish Indo-European 329 Spain, Latin America, southwestern United States
English Indo-European 328 British Isles, Anglo-America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Philippines, former British colonies in tropical Asia and Africa
Arabic (all dialects) Afro-Asiatic 221 Middle East, North Africa
Hindi, Urdu Indo-European 182 Northern India, Pakistan
Bengali Indo-European 181 Bangladesh, eastern India
Portuguese Indo-European 178 Portugal, Brazil, southern Africa
Russian Indo-European 144 Russia, Kazakhstan, parts of Ukraine, other former Soviet republics
Japanese Japanese and Korean 122 Japan
German (standard) Indo-European 90 Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, eastern France, northern Italy
*Native speakers means the language is their mother tongue.
(Source: Lewis, M. Paul [ed.], 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th ed. Dallas, TX: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.)