xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_1'] = "Speech from the San Alberto field operated by Petrobras, “Bolivia Nationalizes Natural Gas Industry,” USA Today, May 1, 2006.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_2'] = "You can read more about this case in Simon Romero, “In Bolivia, Untapped Bounty Meets Nationalism,” New York Times, February 3, 2009, and Sara Shahriari, “The Booming World: Bolivia,” The Guardian, December 20, 2012, from which this paragraph is drawn.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_3'] = "The most severe downturn ever in the United States was the Great Depression of the 1930s. U.S. real GDP fell each year between 1929 and 1933 by an average of 9% per year and then began to recover. It was not until 1939 that the United States regained the same level of real GDP that it had in 1929.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_4'] = "Daniel M. Bernhofen and John C. Brown, March 2005, “Estimating the Comparative Advantage Gains from Trade,” American Economic Review, 95(1), 208–225.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_5'] = "For example, suppose that you earn $8 per hour, and your favorite snack costs $2. Then you could afford to buy $8/$2 = 4 of these snacks after working for one hour.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_6'] = "For example, suppose that the manufactured good is compact discs (CDs), which initially cost $16 and then rise in price to $24. The increase in the price of CDs is $8, and so the percentage increase in the price of CDs is ΔPM/PM = $8/$16 = 0.50 = 50%. Suppose also that the wage has increased from $8 to $10 per hour, or 25%. Using the initial prices, by working one hour, you could afford to buy W/PM = $8/$16 = 0.5, or one-half of a CD. Using the new prices, by working one hour, you can afford to buy W/PM = $10/$24 = 0.42, or about four-tenths of a CD. So, your real wage measured in terms of CDs has gone down.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_7'] = "The only situation in which workers do not gain from trade in the Ricardian model is if the Home country is very large, as discussed in Problem 11 of Chapter 2, such that the international relative price equals the no-trade relative price. In that case, Home workers are no better off from international trade but also no worse off.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_8'] = "The real wages shown in Figure 3-7 are measured relative to consumer prices in 2012 and represent the average hourly earnings for production workers, those workers involved in the assembly of services or products. Production workers are sometimes called “blue-collar” workers and typically earn hourly wages. The other category of workers, nonproduction workers, includes managers and all those who work at a desk. They are sometimes called “white-collar” workers and typically earn annual salaries instead of hourly wages.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_9'] = "We discuss the North American Free Trade Agreement in a later chapter and provide more details there on how many workers applied for benefits under the NAFTA-TAA program.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_10'] = "George Akerlof, Andrew Rose, Janet Yellen, and Helga Hessenius, 1991, “East Germany in from the Cold: The Economic Aftermath of Currency Union,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1, 1–87.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_11'] = "See Jeevan Vasagar, “Germany Still Split East-West”, Los Angeles Times, June 1, 2013.";
xBookUtils.terms['fn_3_12'] = "For example, if the price of manufactured goods rises by 6% and the rental on capital rises by 10%, then owners of capital can afford to buy 4% more of the manufactured good.";