Tendency to emit repeatedly the same verbal or motor response to varied stimuli.

Narrowing or focusing awareness to a part of the sensory environment or to a class of stimuli.

Idea or set of impressions that some mental ability exists as an entity; memory, language, and emotion are examples.

Ability to perceive a stimulus of one sense as the sensation of a different sense, as when sound produces a sensation of color; literally, feeling together.

Philosophical question focused on how the brain ties single and varied sensory and motor events together into a unified perception or behavior.

Form of thinking that searches for multiple solutions to a problem (how many ways can a pen be used?); contrasts with convergent thinking.

The mind’s level of responsiveness to impressions made by the senses.

Surgical disconnection of the hemispheres by severing the corpus callosum.

Increased local connections between two related brain regions.

Map of the complete structural and functional fiber pathways of the human brain in vivo.

Cell in the primate premotor and parietal cortex that fires when an individual observes an action taken by another individual.

Interdisciplinary field that seeks to understand how the brain makes decisions.

Form of thinking that searches for a single answer to a question (such as 2 + 2 = ?); contrasts with divergent thinking.

Experimental procedure for simultaneously presenting a different auditory input to each ear through stereophonic earphones.

Interdisciplinary field that seeks to understand how the brain mediates social interactions.

Hypothetical group of neurons that become functionally connected via common sensory inputs; proposed by Hebb as the basis of perception, memory, and thought.

In neurology, neglect of information on one side of the body when presented simultaneously with similar information on the other side of the body.

Hebb’s term for observed intelligence, influenced by experience and other factors in the course of development; measured by intelligence tests.

Neocortex outside primary sensory and motor cortices; functions to produce cognition.

Hebb’s term for innate intellectual potential, which is highly heritable and cannot be measured directly.

Condition in which a person’s speech zones are located in the right hemisphere or in both hemispheres.

Act or process of knowing or coming to know; in psychology, refers to thought processes.

Ways in which words are put together; proposed to be unique to human language.

Ignoring a part of the body or world on the side opposite (contralateral to) that of a brain injury.

Ability to attribute mental states to others.

Study of the neural bases of cognition.