Question 19.8

1. Assume the central bank increases the quantity of money by 25%, even though the economy is initially in both short-run and long-run macroeconomic equilibrium. Describe the effects, in the short run and in the long run (giving numbers where possible), on the following.

  • Aggregate output

    Aggregate output rises in the short run, then falls back to equal potential output in the long run.

  • Aggregate price level

    The aggregate price level rises in the short run, but by less than 25%. It rises further in the long run, for a total increase of 25%.

  • Interest rate

    The interest rate falls in the short run, then rises back to its original level in the long run.