the case in which goods are supplied by the government or by a firm owned by the government to protect the interests of the consumer in response to natural monopoly.

a monopolist that offers its product to all consumers at the same price.

charging different prices to different consumers for the same good.

a limitation on the price that a monopolist is allowed to charge.

a situation in which a monopolist charges each consumer his or her willingness to pay—the maximum that the consumer is willing to pay.