Chapter 5 - What I Learned - Exploring the Text: Chast subtitles her cartoon “A Sentimental Education . . . ,” which is a reference to a French novel of that title written by Gustave Flaubert in 1869. The American writer Henry James described A Sentimental Education as far inferior to Flaubert’s earlier and more successful novel Madame Bovary; in fact, he characterized the 1869 work as “elaborately and massively dreary.” Why do you think Chast uses this reference to Flaubert’s novel? Or do you think that she is not specifically alluding to Flaubert but, rather, to more generalized “sentimental” notions of education? Consider her audience as you respond to these questions.