Correct. The answer is a. As Drumont described the situation, French Jews had no interest in participating in the hardships of army life, and the army saw Jews as parasites who fed on the suffering of French soldiers.

Incorrect. The answer is a. As Drumont described the situation, French Jews had no interest in participating in the hardships of army life, and the army saw Jews as parasites who fed on the suffering of French soldiers.

Correct. The answer is c. Ahlwardt believed that Jews possessed racial traits that prevented assimilation into German society.

Incorrect. The answer is c. Ahlwardt believed that Jews possessed racial traits that prevented assimilation into German society.

Correct. The answer is a. As Ahlwardt put it, his fellow legislators "better exterminate those birds of prey [the Jews] and you'd better start by not letting any more of them into the country."

Incorrect. The answer is a. As Ahlwardt put it, his fellow legislators "better exterminate those birds of prey [the Jews] and you'd better start by not letting any more of them into the country."

Correct. The answer is a. Herzl believed that since existing nations refused to permit true assimilation, Jews needed to recognize their collective identity and form their own nation.

Incorrect. The answer is a. Herzl believed that since existing nations refused to permit true assimilation, Jews needed to recognize their collective identity and form their own nation.