| 1050–1300 | 1215 |
| – Steady rise in population; period of milder climate | – Fourth Lateran Council orders Jews and Muslims to wear distinctive clothing |
| ca. 1100 | 1225–1274 |
| – Merchant guilds become rich and powerful in many cities; artisans begin to found craft guilds | – Life of Thomas Aquinas; Summa Theologica |
| 1100–1300 | 1241 |
| – Height of construction of cathedrals in Europe | – Contract between Lübeck and Hamburg, first in the Hanseatic League |
| 1100s | ca. 1300 |
| – Hospitals and other homes for the sick begin appearing | – Bill of exchange becomes most common method of commercial payment in western Europe |
| 1160s | 1300s |
| – Silver mines opened in Germany, allowing for more coinage | – Clocks in general use throughout Europe |
| ca. 1200 | |
| – Founding of first universities | |