| ca. 342–291 B.C.E. | 323–ca. 300 B.C.E. |
| – Life of comedy writer Menander | – War of succession leads to the establishment of Antigonid, Ptolemaic, and Seleucid dynasties |
| 340–270 B.C.E. | ca. 287–212 B.C.E |
| – Life of Epicurus, on whose ideas Epicureanism was based | – Life of Archimedes |
| 335–262 B.C.E. | ca. 280 B.C.E. |
| – Life of Zeno, on whose ideas Stoicism was based | – Founding of the library of Alexandria by the Ptolemies |
| 334–324 B.C.E. | 168 B.C.E. |
| – Alexander the Great’s military campaigns | – Roman overthrow of the Antigonid dynasty |
| ca. 330–200 B.C.E. | 166–164 B.C.E. |
| – Establishment of new Hellenistic cities | – Revolt of the Maccabees in Judea |
| 323 B.C.E. | 30 B.C.E. |
| – Alexander dies at age thirty-two | – Roman conquest of Egypt; end of the Ptolemaic dynasty |