| ca. 293 | 429 |
| – Diocletian establishes the tetrarchy | – Vandals begin their conquest of North Africa |
| 313 | 476 |
| – Edict of Milan, allowing practice of all religions in the Roman Empire | – Odoacer deposes the last Roman emperor in the West |
| 325 | ca. 481–511 |
| – Council of Nicaea | – Reign of Clovis |
| 354–430 | 493 |
| – Life of Saint Augustine | – Theoderic establishes an Ostrogothic state in Italy |
| 378 | 527–565 |
| – Visigoths defeat the Roman army at Adrianople | – Reign of Justinian |
| 380 | 529 |
| – Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire | – The Rule of Saint Benedict |
| 410 | 535–572 |
| – Visigoths sack Rome | – Byzantines reconquer and rule Italy |
| 597 |
| – Pope Gregory I sends missionaries to Britain |