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Chapter Chronology

Quiz for Sources for Western Society, Chapter 13

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Question

1. Which of these did Luther’s Ninety-five Theses (see Document 13-1) condemn?

The idea that the pope could grant remission of punishment in the afterlife

The idea that all clergy should remain celibate

The idea of original sin

The idea that Christianity was the one, true religion

Correct. The answer is a. Implicit in the practice of issuing indulgences was the idea that the pope could grant remission of punishment in the afterlife.

Incorrect. The answer is a. Implicit in the practice of issuing indulgences was the idea that the pope could grant remission of punishment in the afterlife.

Question

2. Holbein’s Luther as the German Hercules (see Document 13-2) presented Luther as a

man of peace and reconciliation.

heretic who would plunge the world into darkness.

hero who would rid the world of a great evil.

friend of the common people and an enemy of kings.

Correct. The answer is c. The woodcut created an analogy between Luther’s fight against the Catholic Church and Hercules battle with a nine-headed beast known as the hydra.

Incorrect. The answer is c. The woodcut created an analogy between Luther’s fight against the Catholic Church and Hercules battle with a nine-headed beast known as the hydra.

Question

3. To which of the “fifteen detestable crimes” of witches identified by Bodin (see Document 13-3) did Elizabeth Francis confess (see Document 13-4)?

That she renounced God

That she engaged in incest

That she ate human flesh

That she had sex with the devil

Correct. The answer is a. Francis confessed that she was counseled by “Mother Eve” to “renounce God and his word and to give her blood to Satan.” She also confessed to a number of other crimes identified by Bodin as particular to witches.

Incorrect. The answer is a. Francis confessed that she was counseled by “Mother Eve” to “renounce God and his word and to give her blood to Satan.” She also confessed to a number of other crimes identified by Bodin as particular to witches.

Question

4. What lesson did Calvin draw from the history of the Jews (see Document 13-5)?

That God intended that all humans would be saved

That God’s actions are, in essence, random

That God’s decisions are not influenced by the actions or virtues of human beings

That the Jews are more virtuous than other peoples

Correct. The answer is c. Calvin did not believe that the Jews had done anything in particular to merit their status as God’s chosen people. Thus, individual salvation was not tied to “the worthiness of men or to the merit of works.”

Incorrect. The answer is c. Calvin did not believe that the Jews had done anything in particular to merit their status as God’s chosen people. Thus, individual salvation was not tied to “the worthiness of men or to the merit of works.”

Question

5. Which of these describes Loyola’s attitude towards the Catholic Church (see Document 13-6)?

The Church is a useful, but non-essential, tool for those seeking salvation.

The Church has outlived its usefulness.

The Church’s teachings should be obeyed without question.

The Church can be strengthened only by vigorous public debate.

Correct. The answer is c. Loyola went so far as to say “we ought always to hold that the white which I see, is black, if the Church so decides it.”

Incorrect. The answer is c. Loyola went so far as to say “we ought always to hold that the white which I see, is black, if the Church so decides it.”