| ca. 342–291 B.C.E. | Life of comedy writer Menander |
| 340–270 B.C.E. | Life of Epicurus, on whose ideas Epicureanism was based |
| 335–262 B.C.E. | Life of Zeno, on whose ideas Stoicism was based |
| 334–324 B.C.E. | Alexander the Great’s military campaigns |
| ca. 330–200 B.C.E. | Establishment of new Hellenistic cities |
| 323 B.C.E. | Alexander dies at age thirty-two |
| 323–ca. 300 B.C.E. | War of succession leads to the establishment of Antigonid, Ptolemaic, and Seleucid dynasties |
| ca. 287–212 B.C.E. | Life of Archimedes |
| ca. 280 B.C.E. | Founding of the library of Alexandria by the Ptolemies |
| 168 B.C.E. | Roman overthrow of the Antigonid dynasty |
| 166–164 B.C.E. | Revolt of the Maccabees in Judaea |
| 30 B.C.E. | Roman conquest of Egypt; Ptolemaic dynasty ends |