Francisco Goya, The Third of May 1808 Spanish master Francisco Goya created a passionate and moving indictment of the brutality of war in this painting from 1814, which depicts the close-range execution of Spanish rebels by Napoleon’s forces in May 1808. Goya’s painting evoked the bitterness and despair of many Europeans who suffered through Napoleon’s invasions. (Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain/The Bridgeman Art Library)