| ca. 320–480 | Gupta Empire in India |
| ca. 380–450 | Life of India’s greatest poet, Kalidasa |
| ca. 450 | Huns invade northern India |
| ca. 500 | Srivijaya gains control of Strait of Malacca |
| ca. 500–1400 | India’s medieval age; caste system reaches its mature form |
| 552 | Turks rebel against Rouruan and rise to power in Central Asia |
| ca. 780 | Borobudur temple complex begun in Srivijaya |
| 802–1432 | Khmer Empire of Cambodia |
| ca. 850–1250 | Kingdom of the Uighurs |
| 1030 | Turks control north India |
| ca. 1100–1200 | Buddhism declines in India |
| ca. 1200–1300 | Easter Island society’s most prosperous period |
| 1206 | Temujin proclaimed Chinggis Khan; Mongol language recorded; Delhi sultanate established |
| ca. 1240 | The Secret History of the Mongols |
| 1276 | Mongol conquest of Song China |
| ca. 1300 | Plague begins to spread throughout Mongol Empire |
| 1398 | Timur takes control of the Delhi sultanate |