1. The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 B.C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 1

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 1

Evolution and Migration

Understanding the Early Human Past

Hominid Evolution

Homo Sapiens, “Thinking Humans”

Migration and Differentiation

Paleolithic Society, 250,000–9000 B.C.E.

Foraging for Food

Family and Kinship Relationships

Listening to the Past: Paleolithic Venus Figures

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Paleolithic Venus Figures

Cultural Creations and Spirituality

Viewpoints 1.1: Paleolithic Hand Markings

Quiz for Viewpoints 1.1: Paleolithic Hand Markings

The Development of Agriculture in the Neolithic Era, ca. 9000 B.C.E.

The Development of Horticulture

Viewpoints 1.2: Stone Age Houses in Chile and China

Quiz for Viewpoints 1.2: Stone Age Houses in Chile and China

Animal Domestication and the Rise of Pastoralism

Plow Agriculture

Neolithic Society

Social Hierarchies and Slavery

Gender Hierarchies and Inheritance

Trade and Cross-Cultural Connections

Individuals in Society: The Iceman

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 1: The Iceman’s World

Document 1.1: Detail of an Ax

Document 1.2: Dagger and Scabbard

Document 1.3: Tassel with Pierced Round Disc

Document 1.4: Neolithic Village at Durrington Walls

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 1: The Iceman’s World

Quiz for Online Document Project 1: The Iceman’s World

2. The Rise of the State in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3200–500 B.C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 2

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 2

Writing, Cities, and States

Written Sources and the Human Past

Cities and the Idea of Civilization

The Rise of States, Laws, and Social Hierarchies

Mesopotamia from Sumer to Babylon

Environmental Challenges, Irrigation, and Religion

Sumerian Politics and Society

Writing, Mathematics, and Poetry

Listening to the Past: Gilgamesh’s Quest for Immortality

Quiz for Listening the Past: Gilgamesh’s Quest for Immortality

Empires in Mesopotamia

Viewpoints 2.1: Addressing the Gods in Mesopotamia and Egypt

Quiz for Viewpoints 2.1: Addressing the Gods in Mesopotamia and Egypt

Life Under Hammurabi

The Egyptians

The Nile and the God-King

Egyptian Society and Work

Migrations, Revivals, and Collapse

Individuals in Society: Hatshepsut and Nefertiti

The Emergence of New States

Global Trade: Iron

Quiz for Global Trade: Iron

The Hebrews

The Hebrew State

Viewpoints 2.2: Rulers and Divine Favor: Cyrus the Great in the Cyrus Cylinder and Hebrew Scripture

Quiz for Viewpoints 2.2: Rulers and Divine Favor: Cyrus the Great in the Cyrus Cylinder and Hebrew Scripture

The Jewish Religion

Hebrew Society

The Assyrians and Persians

Assyria, the Military Monarchy

The Rise and Expansion of the Persian Empire

The Religion of Zoroaster

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 2: Hatshepsut: Depicting a Goddess-King

Document 2.1: Hatshepsut’s Early Life as Described in Inscriptions at Deir el-Bahri, ca. 1479–1458 B.C.E

Document 2.2: Three Statues of Hatshepsut from Deir el-Bahri, ca. 1479–1458 B.C.E

Document 2.3: Lecture on the Deir el-Bahri Excavations, 2006

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 2: Hatshepsut: Depicting a Goddess-King

Quiz for Online Document Project 2: Hatshepsut: Depicting a Goddess-King

3. The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 3

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 3

The Land and Its First Settlers, ca. 3000–1500 B.C.E.

The Aryans During the Vedic Age, ca. 1500–500 B.C.E.

Aryan Dominance in North India

Viewpoints 3.1: Divine Martial Prowess from the Rig Veda and the Epic of Gilgamesh

Quiz for Viewpoints 3.1: Divine Martial Prowess from the Rig Veda and the Epic of Gilgamesh

Life in Early India

Listening to the Past: Conversations Between Rama and Sita from the Ramayana

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Conversations Between Rama and Sita from the Ramayana

Brahmanism

India’s Great Religions

Jainism

Siddhartha Gautama and Buddhism

Individuals in Society: Sudatta, Lay Follower of the Buddha

Hinduism

Western Contact and the Mauryan Unification of North India, ca. 513–185 B.C.E.

Encounters with the West

Chandragupta and the Founding of the Mauryan Empire

Viewpoints 3.2: On Enemies, from the Code of Manu and the Arthashastra

Quiz for Viewpoints 3.2: On Enemies, from the Code of Manu and the Arthashastra

The Reign of Ashoka, ca. 269–232 B.C.E.

Small States and Trading Networks, 185 B.C.E.–300 C.E.

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 3: Accessible Enlightenment

Document 3.1: “Parables” and “The Burning Mansion”

Document 3.2: “Four Kinds of Merit”

Document 3.3: “The Listless Fool”

Document 3.4: “The Woman at the Well”

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 3: Accessible Enlightenment

Quiz for Online Document Project 3: Accessible Enlightenment

4. China’s Classical Age, to 221 B.C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 4

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 4

The Emergence of Civilization in China

The Impact of Geography

Early Agricultural Societies of the Neolithic Age

The Shang Dynasty, ca. 1500–1050

Shang Society

Bronze Metalworking

The Development of Writing

The Early Zhou Dynasty, ca. 1050–400 B.C.E.

Zhou Politics

Life During the Zhou Dynasty

Viewpoints 4.1: The Inglorious Side of War in the Book of Songs and the Patirruppattu

Quiz for Viewpoints 4.1: The Inglorious Side of War in the Book of Songs and the Patirruppattu

Individuals in Society: Lord Mengchang

The Warring States Period, 403–221 B.C.E.

New Technologies for War

The Victorious States

Confucius and His Followers

Confucius

Listening to the Past: The Teachings of Confucius

Quiz for Listening to the Past: The Teachings of Confucius

The Spread of Confucian Ideas

Viewpoints 4.2: Mozi and Xunzi on Divine Response

Quiz for Viewpoints 4.2: Mozi and Xunzi on Divine Response

Daoism, Legalism, and Other Schools of Thought

Daoism

Legalism

Yin and Yang

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 4: The Limits of Loyalty

Document 4.1: “The Citizen of the World”

Document 4.2: “The Two Wives”

Document 4.3: “The Ivory Couch”

Document 4.4: “The Bead-Stringer’s Advice”

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 4: The Limits of Loyalty

Quiz for Online Document Project 4: The Limits of Loyalty

5. The Greek Experience, 3500–30 B.C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 5

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 5

Greece in the Bronze Age, ca. 3000–800 B.C.E.

The Minoans and Mycenaeans

The “Dark Age”

The Development of the Polis in the Archaic Age, ca. 800–500 B.C.E.

Organization of the Polis

Overseas Expansion

The Growth of Sparta

The Evolution of Athens

Turmoil and Culture in the Classical Period, 500–338 B.C.E.

The Deadly Conflicts, 499–404 B.C.E.

Viewpoints 5.1: Two Opinions About Athenian Democracy

Quiz for Viewpoints 5.1: Two Opinions About Athenian Democracy

Athenian Arts in the Age of Pericles

Families and Sexual Relations

Public and Personal Religion

Viewpoints 5.2: Hellenistic and Chinese Spells

Quiz for Viewpoints 5.2: Hellenistic and Chinese Spells

The Flowering of Philosophy

Listening to the Past: Aristotle on the Family and Slavery, from The Politics

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Aristotle on the Family and Slavery, from The Politics

Hellenistic Society, 323–30 B.C.E.

From Polis to Monarchy, 404–200 B.C.E.

Building a Hellenized Society

The Growth of Trade and Commerce

Hellenistic Religion, Philosophy, and Science

Religion in the Hellenistic World

Philosophy and Its Guidance for Life

Hellenistic Science and Medicine

Individuals in Society: Archimedes, Scientist and Inventor

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 5: Technological Warfare

Document 5.1: Plutarch, “Archimedes Comes to Syracuse,” 75 C.E

Document 5.2: Polybius, The Histories, ca. 15 0– 120 B.C.E

Document 5.3: Cassius Dio,Roman History, ca. 230 C.E

Document 5.4: Plutarch, “The Death of Archimedes,” 75 C.E

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 5: Technological Warfare

Quiz for Online Document Project 5: Technological Warfare

6. The World of Rome, ca. 1000 B.C.E.–400 C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 6

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 6

The Romans in Italy

The Etruscans

The Founding of Rome

The Roman Conquest of Italy

The Roman State

Social Conflict in Rome

Roman Expansion and Its Repercussions

Overseas Conquests and the Punic Wars, 264–133 B.C.E.

New Influences and Old Values in Roman Culture

Viewpoints 6.1: On Roman Wives, from a Tombstone Inscription and Juvenal’s Sixth Satire

Quiz for Viewpoints 6.1: On Roman Wives, from a Tombstone Inscription and Juvenal’s Sixth Satire

The Late Republic and the Rise of Augustus, 133–27 B.C.E.

Individuals in Society: Queen Cleopatra

Listening to the Past: Cicero and the Plot to Kill Caesar

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Cicero and the Plot to Kill Caesar

The Successes of Augustus

Rome and the Provinces

Political and Military Changes in the Empire

Viewpoints 6.2: Roman and Chinese Officials in Times of Disaster

Quiz for Viewpoints 6.2: Roman and Chinese Officials in Times of Disaster

Life in Imperial Rome

Prosperity in the Roman Provinces

Global Trade: Pottery

Quiz for Global Trade: Pottery

Eastward Expansion and Contacts Between Rome and China

The Coming of Christianity

Factors Behind the Rise of Christianity

The Life and Teachings of Jesus

The Spread of Christianity

The Growing Acceptance and Evolution of Christianity

Turmoil and Reform

Political Measures

Economic Issues

The Acceptance of Christianity

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 6: Queen Cleopatra and the Politics of the Late Republic

Document 6.1: Plutarch, Life of Antony, ca. 100 C.E

Document 6.2: Cassius Dio, Roman History, ca. 200 C.E

Document 6.3: Strabo, Geography, ca. 7– 24 C.E

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 6: Queen Cleopatra and the Politics of the Late Republic

Quiz for Online Document Project 6: Queen Cleopatra and the Politics of the Late Republic

7. East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 B.C.E. –800 C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 7

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 7

The Age of Empire in China: The Qin and Han Dynasties

The Qin Unification, 221–206 B.C.E.

The Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.E. –220 C.E.

Han Intellectual and Cultural Life

Individuals in Society: The Ban Family

Inner Asia and the Silk Road

Global Trade: Silk

Quiz for Global Trade: Silk

Life in Han China

China and Rome

The Fall of the Han and the Age of Division

The Spread of Buddhism Out of India

Buddhism’s Path Through Central Asia

The Appeal and Impact of Buddhism in China

Listening to the Past: Sixth-Century Biographies of Buddhist Nuns

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Sixth-Century Biographies of Buddhist Nuns

The Chinese Empire Re-created: Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907)

The Sui Dynasty, 581–618

The Tang Dynasty, 618–907

Tang Culture

The East Asian Cultural Sphere

Vietnam

Korea

Japan

Viewpoints 7.1: Chinese and Japanese Principles of Good Government

Quiz for Viewpoints 7.1: Chinese and Japanese Principles of Good Government

Viewpoints 7.2: Coping with Epidemics in Japan and Byzantium

Quiz for Viewpoints 7.2: Coping with Epidemics in Japan and Byzantium

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 7: Ban Zhao Offers Advice to Elite Women

Document 7.1: Fan Yeh, “The Biography of Ban Zhao,” ca. Early Fifth Century C.E

Document 7.2: Ban Zhao, Admonitions for Women, “Introduction,” ca. 106 C.E

Document 7.3: Ban Zhao, Admonitions for Women, “Husband and Wife,” ca. 106 C.E

Document 7.4: Ban Zhao, Admonitions for Women, “Harmony with Younger Brothers-and Sister s-in- law,” ca. 106 C.E

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 7: Ban Zhao Offers Advice to Elite Women

Quiz for Online Document Project 7: Ban Zhao Offers Advice to Elite Women

8. Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250–850

Introduction for Chapter 8

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 8

The Byzantine Empire

Sources of Byzantine Strength

The Sassanid Empire and Conflicts with Byzantium

Justinian’s Code of Law

Viewpoints 8.1: Freeing Slaves in Justinian’s Code and the Qur’an

Quiz for Viewpoints 8.1: Freeing Slaves in Justinian’s Code and the Qur’an

Byzantine Intellectual Life

Individuals in Society: Theodora of Constantinople

Life in Constantinople

The Growth of the Christian Church

The Evolution of Church Leadership and Orthodoxy

The Western Church and the Eastern Church

Christian Monasticism

Christian Ideas and Practices

Christianity and Classical Culture

Saint Augustine on Sin, Grace, and Redemption

The Iconoclastic Controversy

Migrating Peoples

Viewpoints 8.2: Roman and Byzantine Views of Barbarians

Quiz for Viewpoints 8.2: Roman and Byzantine Views of Barbarians

Social and Economic Structures

Tribes, Warriors, and Laws

Migrations and Political Change

Christian Missionaries and Conversion

Missionaries’ Actions

The Process of Conversion

Listening to the Past: Gregory of Tours on the Veneration of Relics

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Gregory of Tours on the Veneration of Relics

Frankish Rulers and Their Territories

The Merovingians and Carolingians

The Warrior-Ruler Charlemagne

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 8: Theodora of Constantinople: The Demonization of an Empress

Document 8.1: Procopius, The Moral Decline of Byzantine Women, ca. 550

Document 8.2: Procopius, The Marriage of Justinian and Theodora, ca. 550

Document 8.3: Contrasting Views on Corruption in the Provinces, 535

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 8: Theodora of Constantinople: The Demonization of an Empress

Quiz for Online Document Project 8: Theodora of Constantinople: The Demonization of an Empress

9. The Islamic World, 600–1400

Introduction for Chapter 9

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 9

The Origins of Islam

Arabian Social and Economic Structure

Muhammad’s Rise as a Religious Leader

The Tenets of Islam

Islamic States and Their Expansion

Islam’s Spread Beyond Arabia

Reasons for the Spread of Islam

The Caliphate and the Split Between Shi’a and Sunni Alliances

The Abbasid Caliphate

Administration of the Islamic Territories

Fragmentation and Military Challenges, 900–1400

Breakaway Territories and Shi’a Gains

The Ascendancy of the Turks

The Mongol Invasions

Muslim Society: The Life of the People

The Social Hierarchy

Viewpoints 9.1: Jews in Muslim Lands

Quiz for Viewpoints 9.1: Jews in Muslim Lands

Slavery

Women in Classical Islamic Society

Listening to the Past: Abu Hamid al-Ghazali on the Etiquette of Marriage

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Abu Hamid al-Ghazali on the Etiquette of Marriage

Marriage, the Family, and Sexuality

Trade and Commerce

Cultural Developments

Individuals in Society: Ibn Battuta

The Cultural Centers of Baghdad and Córdoba

Education and Intellectual Life

Viewpoints 9.2: Amusing Animal Stories by Bar-Hebraeus and Aesop

Quiz for Viewpoints 9.2: Amusing Animal Stories by Bar-Hebraeus and Aesop

The Mystical Tradition of Sufism

Muslim-Christian Encounters

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 9: Ibn Battuta: Long-Distance Travel in the Fourteenth Century

Document 9.1: Ibn Battuta, “The Route from Damascus to Mecca,” 1354

Document 9.2: Ibn Battuta, “The Route from Mecca to Baghdad,” 1354

Document 9.3: Ibn Battuta, “Indian Border Security,” 1354

Document 9.4: Ibn Battuta, “Chinese Regulation of Foreigners,” 1354

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 9: Ibn Battuta: Long-Distance Travel in the Fourteenth Century

Quiz for Online Document Project 9: Ibn Battuta: Long-Distance Travel in the Fourteenth Century

10. African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 B.C.E.–1500 C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 10

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 10

The Land and Peoples of Africa

Early African Societies

Agriculture and Its Impact

Bantu Migrations

Life in the Kingdoms of the Western Sudan, ca. 1000 B.C.E.–800 C.E.

The Trans-Saharan Trade

The Berbers of North Africa

Effects of Trade on West African Society

The Spread of Islam in Africa

African Kingdoms and Empires, ca. 800–1500

The Kingdom of Ghana, ca. 900–1100

The Kingdom of Mali, ca. 1200–1450

Ethiopia: The Christian Kingdom of Aksum

Individuals in Society: Amda Siyon

The East African City-States

Viewpoints 10.1: Early Descriptions of Africa

Quiz for Viewpoints 10.1: Early Descriptions of Africa

Listening to the Past: A Tenth-Century Muslim Traveler Describes Parts of the East African Coast

Quiz for Listening to the Past: A Tenth-Century Muslim Traveler Describes Parts of the East African Coast

Viewpoints 10.2: Visiting Africa

Quiz for Viewpoints 10.2: Visiting Africa

Southern Africa and Great Zimbabwe

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 10: Amda Siyon: Creating an Ethiopian National Identity

Document 10.1: Kebra Negast, “How the People of Ethiopia Rejoiced,” ca. 1300s

Document 10.2: Amda Siyon, “The King Exhorts His Army to Fight for Christ,” ca. 1300s

Document 10.3: Amda Siyon, “The Despair and Relief of the Ethiopians,” ca. 1300s

Document 10.4: Amda Siyon, “The King Returns to His Capital,” ca. 1300s

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 10: Amda Siyon: Creating an Ethiopian National Identity

Quiz for Online Document Project 10: Amda Siyon: Creating an Ethiopian National Identity

11. The Americas, 2500 B.C.E.–1500 C.E.

Introduction for Chapter 11

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 11

Societies of the Americas in a Global Context

Trade and Technology

Settlement and Environment

Ancient Societies

Olmec Agriculture, Technology, and Religion

Hohokam, Hopewell, and Mississippian Societies

Kinship and Ancestors in the Andes

The Incas

The Inca Model of Empire

Inca Imperial Expansion

Imperial Needs and Obligations

Listening to the Past: Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, The First New Chronicle and Good Government

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, The First New Chronicle and Good Government

The Maya and Teotihuacan

Maya Agriculture and Trade

Maya Science and Religion

Viewpoints 11.1: Creation in the Popul Vuh and in Okanogan Tradition

Quiz for Viewpoints 11.1: Creation in the Popul Vuh and Okanogan Tradition

Teotihuacan and the Toltecs

The Aztecs

The Mexica: From Vassals to Masters

Individuals in Society: Tlacaelel

Life in the Aztec Empire

The Limits of the Aztec Empire

American Empires and the Encounter

The Fall of the Aztecs

The Fall of the Incas

Viewpoints 11.2: Inca and Spanish Views on Religion, Authority, and Tribute

Quiz for Viewpoints 11.2: Inca and Spanish Views on Religion, Authority, and Tribute

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 11: Tlacaelel: The Making and Remaking of Aztec History

Document 11.1: Fray Diego Durán, Aztec History and Culture, ca. 1576–1579

Document 11.2: Aztec Priests Respond to the Spanish, 1524

Document 11.3: Omens Foretelling the Arrival of the Spaniards, ca. 1555

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 11: Tlacaelel: The Making and Remaking of Aztec History

Quiz for Online Document Project 11: Tlacaelel: The Making and Remaking of Aztec History

12. Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300–1400

Introduction for Chapter 12

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 12

Central Asian Nomads

Nomadic Society

The Turks

The Mongols

Listening to the Past: The Abduction of Women in The Secret History of the Mongols

Quiz for Listening to the Past: The Abduction of Women in The Secret History of the Mongols

Chinggis Khan and the Mongol Empire

Chinggis Khan

Chinggis’s Successors

Viewpoints 12.1: Chinese and European Accounts About the Mongol Army

Quiz for Viewpoints 12.1: Chinese and European Accounts About the Mongol Army

The Mongols as Rulers

East-West Communication During the Mongol Era

The Movement of Peoples

Viewpoints 12.2: Circulating Paper Money

Quiz for Viewpoints 12.2: Circulating Paper Money

The Spread of Disease, Goods, and Ideas

India, Islam, and the Development of Regional Cultures, 300–1400

The Gupta Empire, ca. 320–480

India’s Medieval Age and the First Encounter with Islam

Individuals in Society: Bhaskara the Teacher

The Delhi Sultanate

Life in Medieval India

Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Growth of Maritime Trade

State Formation and Indian Influences

Global Trade: Spices

Quiz for Global Trade: Spices

The Srivijayan Maritime Trade Empire

The Spread of Indian Culture in Comparative Perspective

The Settlement of the Pacific Islands

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 12: Intellectual and Religious Life in Medieval India

Document 12.1: Al-Biruni, On the Hindus in General, ca. 1030

Document 12.2: Al-Biruni, Hindu Literature in Astronomy and Astrology, ca. 1030

Document 12.3: Al-Biruni, Notes on the Writing of the Hindus, ca. 1030

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 12: Intellectual and Religious Life in Medieval India

Quiz for Online Document Project 12: Intellectual and Religious Life in Medieval India

13. States and Cultures in East Asia, 800–1400

Introduction for Chapter 13

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 13

The Medieval Chinese Economic Revolution, 800–1100

Global Trade: Tea

Quiz for Global Trade: Tea

China During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, 960–1368

The Song Dynasty

The Scholar-Officials and Neo-Confucianism

Viewpoints 13.1: Painters of Uncanny Skill in China and Rome

Quiz for Viewpoints 13.1: Painters of Uncanny Skill in China and Rome

Individuals in Society: Shen Gua

Women’s Lives in Song Times

Viewpoints 13.2: Zhu Xi and Yuan Cai on Family Management

Quiz for Viewpoints 13.2: Zhu Xi and Yuan Cai on Family Management

China Under Mongol Rule

Korea Under the Koryŏ Dynasty, 935–1392

Japan’s Heian Period, 794–1185

Fujiwara Rule

Aristocratic Culture

Listening to the Past: The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon

Quiz for Listening to the Past: The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon

The Samurai and the Kamakura Shogunate, 1185–1333

Military Rule

Cultural Trends

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 13: Song Intellectual and Cultural Life

Document 13.1: Civil Service Exam Under Emperor Jen Tsung, 1600s

Document 13.2: “Going Up the River at the Ch’ing Ming Festival,” City Gate, ca. 1100

Document 13.3: “Going Up the River at the Qingming (Spring) Festival,” City Bridge, ca. 1100

Document 13.4: Emperor Hui Tsung Transporting Stones and Trees, 1600s

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 13: Song Intellectual and Cultural Life

Quiz for Online Document Project 13: Song Intellectual and Cultural Life

14. Europe in the Middle Ages, 800–1450

Introduction for Chapter 14

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 14

Political Developments

Invasions and Migrations

“Feudalism” and Manorialism

The Restoration of Order

Law and Justice

The Christian Church

Papal Reforms

Monastic Life

Individuals in Society: Hildegard of Bingen

Popular Religion

The Expansion of Christianity

The Crusades

Background and Motives

The Course of the Crusades

Viewpoints 14.1: Christian and Muslim Views of the Fall of Antioch

Quiz for Viewpoints 14.1: Christian and Muslim Views of the Fall of Antioch

Consequences of the Crusades

The Life of the People

The Life and Work of Peasants

The Life and Work of Nobles

Listening to the Past: Courtly Love Poetry

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Courtly Love Poetry

Towns, Cities, and the Growth of Commercial Interests

The Expansion of Trade and the Commercial Revolution

Learning and Culture

Universities and Scholasticism

Cathedrals and a New Architectural Style

Vernacular Literature and Drama

Crises of the Later Middle Ages

The Great Famine and the Black Death

Viewpoints 14.2: Italian and English Views of the Plague

Quiz for Viewpoints 14.2: Italian and English Views of the Plague

The Hundred Years’ War

Challenges to the Church

Peasant and Urban Revolts

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 14: Hildegard Of Bingen: The Voice of the Living Light

Document 14.1: Hildegard to Bernard of Clairvaux, ca. 1146–1147

Document 14.2: Hildegard to Pope Eugenius III, ca. 1146–1147

Document 14.3: Hildegard to the Prelates at Mainz, 1178

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 14: Hildegard Of Bingen: The Voice of the Living Light

Quiz for Online Document Project 14: Hildegard Of Bingen: The Voice of the Living Light

15. Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350–1600

Introduction for Chapter 15

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 15

Renaissance Culture

Wealth and Power in Renaissance Italy

Individuals in Society: Cosimo and Lorenzo de’ Medici

The Rise of Humanism

Viewpoints 15.1: Lauro Quirini and Cassandra Fedele: Women and Humanist Learning

Quiz for Viewpoints 15.1: Lauro Quirini and Cassandra Fedele: Women and Humanist Learning

Christian Humanism

Printing and Its Social Impact

Art and the Artist

Social Hierarchies

Race and Slavery

Wealth and the Nobility

Gender Roles

Politics and the State in the Renaissance, ca. 1450–1521

France

England

Spain

The Habsburgs

The Protestant Reformation

Criticism of the Church

Martin Luther

Protestant Thought and Its Appeal

Listening to the Past: Martin Luther, On Christian Liberty

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Martin Luther, On Christian Liberty

The Radical Reformation and the German Peasants’ War

Marriage and Women’s Roles

The Reformation and German Politics

England’s Shift Toward Protestantism

Calvinism and Its Moral Standards

Viewpoints 15.2: Wang Yangming and John Calvin Encourage Proper Behavior

Quiz for Viewpoints 15.2: Wang Yangming and John Calvin Encourage Proper Behavior

The Catholic Reformation

Papal Reforms and the Council of Trent

New Religious Orders

Religious Violence

French Religious Wars

Civil Wars in the Netherlands

The Great European Witch-Hunt

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 15: Cosimo and Lorenzo de’ Medici: Patrons of Art and Ideas

Document 15.1: Benozzo Gozzoli, The Journey of the Magi to Bethlehem, ca. 1460

Document 15.2: Sandro Botticelli, The Adoration of the Magi, ca. 1475

Document 15.3: Leonardo to Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, ca. 1483

Document 15.4: Leonardo to the Works Department of the Cathedral of Milan, 1487

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 15: Cosimo and Lorenzo de’ Medici: Patrons of Art and Ideas

Quiz for Online Document Project 15: Cosimo and Lorenzo de’ Medici: Patrons of Art and Ideas

16. The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450-1600

Introduction for Chapter 16

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 16

The Afroeurasian Trade World

The Trade World of the Indian Ocean

Peoples and Cultures of the Indian Ocean

Trade with Africa and the Middle East

Genoese and Venetian Middlemen

The European Voyages of Discovery

Causes of European Expansion

Technology and the Rise of Exploration

The Portuguese in Africa and Asia

Spain's Voyages to the Americas

Listening to the Past: Columbus Describes His First Voyage

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Columbus Describes His First Voyage

Spain “Discovers” the Pacific

Early Exploration by Northern European Powers

Conquest and Settlement

Spanish Conquest of the Aztec and Inca Empires

Individuals in Society: Doña Marina / Malintzin

Portuguese Brazil

Colonial Administration

Indigenous Population Loss and Economic Exploitation

Patterns of Settlement

The Era of Global Contact

The Columbian Exchange

Sugar and Early Transatlantic Slavery

The Birth of the Global Economy

Global Trade: Silver

Quiz for Global Trade: Silver

Changing Attitudes and Beliefs

Religious Conversion

Viewpoints 16.1: Christian Conversion in New Spain

Quiz for Viewpoints 16.1: Christian Conversion in New Spain

European Debates About Indigenous Peoples

Viewpoints 16.2: Two Views of “Natural Man”

Quiz for Viewpoints 16.2: Two Views of “Natural Man”

New Ideas About Race

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 16: Doña Marina / Malintzin: Interpreting Conquest

Document 16.1: Lienzo de Tlaxcala, La Malinche Acting as an Interpreter, ca. 1550

Document 16.2: Diego Duran, “The Indian Princess Malinche or Doña Marina, Mistress of Hernán Cortés, Interpreting for Him,” ca. 1581

Document 16.3: Diego Munoz Camargo, “Moctezuma Meets Cortés,” Sixteenth Century

Document 16.4: Fray Bernadino de Sahagún, “Marina Interpreting for the Spaniards at a Meeting Between Hernando Cortés and Moctezuma,” ca. 1577–1578

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 16: Doña Marina / Malintzin: Interpreting Conquest

Quiz for Online Document Project 16: Doña Marina / Malintzin: Interpreting Conquest

17. The Islamic World Powers, 1300–1800

Introduction for Chapter 17

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 17

The Turkish Ruling Houses: The Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals

The Expansion of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire’s Use of Slaves

Individuals in Society: Hürrem

The Safavid Empire in Persia

The Mughal Empire in India

Viewpoints 17.1: Jahangir and Louis XIV on Priorities for Monarchs

Quiz for Viewpoints 17.1: Jahangir and Louis XIV on Priorities for Monarchs

Cultural Flowering

The Arts

City and Palace Building

Gardens

Intellectual Advances and Religious Trends

Coffeehouses and Their Social Impact

Listening to the Past: Katib Chelebi on Tobacco

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Katib Chelebi on Tobacco

Non-Muslims Under Muslim Rule

Shifting Trade Routes and European Penetration

Viewpoints 17.2: Ottoman Travelers in Muslim Lands

Quiz for Viewpoints 17.2: Ottoman Travelers in Muslim Lands

European Rivalry for Trade in the Indian Ocean

Merchant Networks in the Islamic Empires

From the British East India Company to the British Empire in India

Political Decline

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 17: Hürrem: An Ottoman Sultana as Seen Through the Eyes of a Habsburg Ambassador

Document 17.1: Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq Describes the Murder of Mustafa, 1581

Document 17.2: Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq Describes the Morality of Turkish Women, 1581

Document 17.3: Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Hürrem Intervenes on Behalf of Her Son Bajazet, 1581

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 17: Hürrem: An Ottoman Sultana as Seen Through the Eyes of a Habsburg Ambassador

Quiz for Online Document Project 17: Hürrem: An Ottoman Sultana as Seen Through the Eyes of a Habsburg Ambassador

18. European Power and Expansion, 1500–1750

Introduction for Chapter 18

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 18

The Protestant and Catholic Reformations

The Protestant Reformation

The Catholic Reformation

Religious Violence

Seventeenth-Century Crisis and Rebuilding

The Social Order and Peasant Life

Famine and Economic Crisis

The Thirty Years’ War

European Achievements in State Building

Absolutist States in Western and Central Europe

Spain

The Foundations of French Absolutism

Louis XIV and Absolutism

Viewpoints 18.1: Descriptions of Louis XIV of France and the Kangxi Emperor of China

Quiz for Viewpoints 18.1: Descriptions of Louis XIV of France and the Kangxi Emperor of China

Expansion Within Europe

The Economic Policy of Mercantilism

The Austrian Habsburgs

The Absolutist Palace

Constitutionalism and Empire in England and the Dutch Republic

Religious Divides and Civil War

The Puritan Protectorate

Constitutional Monarchy

Viewpoints 18.2: The Debate over the Extent of Royal Power in England

Quiz for Viewpoints 18.2: The Debate over the Extent of Royal Power in England

The Dutch Republic

Individuals in Society: Glückel of Hameln

Colonial Expansion and Empire

The Dutch Trading Empire

Colonial Empires of England and France

Mercantilism and Colonial Wars

People Beyond Borders

The Russian Empire

Mongol Rule in Russia and the Rise of Moscow

Building the Russian Empire

Listening to the Past: A German Account of Russian Life

Quiz for Listening to the Past: A German Account of Russian Life

Peter the Great and Russia’s Turn to the West

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 18: Glückel of Hameln: The Challenges of Jewish Life in the Early Modern Era

Document 18.1: Glückel of Hameln, “Alarms and Excursions of Childhood,” 1690

Document 18.2: Glückel of Hameln, “A Magnifique Wedding and a Clever Girl,” 1690

Document 18.3: Glückel of Hameln, “The Terrors and Humours of the Plague,” 1690

Document 18.4: Anonymous of Mainz, “The Slaughter of the Jews,” ca. 1096

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 18: Glückel of Hameln: The Challenges of Jewish Life in the Early Modern Era

Quiz for Online Document Project 18: Glückel of Hameln: The Challenges of Jewish Life in the Early Modern Era

19. New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540–1790

Introduction for Chapter 19

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 19

The Scientific Revolution

Why Europe?

Scientific Thought to 1550

Astronomy and Physics

Newton’s Synthesis

Natural History and Empire

Magic and Alchemy

Important Changes in Scientific Thinking and Practice

The Methods of Science

Medicine, the Body, and Chemistry

Science and Religion

Science and Society

The Enlightenment

The Early Enlightenment

The Influence of the Philosophes

Viewpoints 19.1: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Mary Wollstonecraft on Women’s Nature and Education

Quiz for Viewpoints 19.1: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Mary Wollstonecraft on Women’s Nature and Education

Cultural Contacts and Race

Viewpoints 19.2: Malachy Postlethwayt and Olaudah Equiano on the Abolition of Slavery

Quiz for Viewpoints 19.2: Malachy Postlethwayt and Olaudah Equiano on the Abolition of Slavery

Listening to the Past: Denis Diderot’s “Supplement to Bougainville’s Voyage”

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Denis Diderot’s “Supplement to Bougainville’s Voyage”

The International Enlightenment

Enlightened Absolutism and Its Limits

Individuals in Society: Moses Mendelssohn and the Jewish Enlightenment

Economic Change and the Atlantic World

Economic and Demographic Change

The Atlantic Economy

Urban Life and the Public Sphere

Culture and Community in the Atlantic World

The Atlantic Enlightenment

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 19: Moses Mendelssohn: The Enlightenment Debate on Religious Tolerance

Document 19.1: Moses Mendelssohn, “Reply to Lavater,” 1769

Document 19.2: Voltaire, “The Jean Calas Affair,” 1763

Document 19.3: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Nathan the Wise, 1779

Essay Assignment Online Document Project 19: Moses Mendelssohn: The Enlightenment Debate on Religious Tolerance

Quiz for Online Document Project 19: Moses Mendelssohn: The Enlightenment Debate on Religious Tolerance

20. Africa and the World, 1400–1800

Introduction for Chapter 20

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 20

West Africa in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

The West Coast: Senegambia and Benin

The Sudan: Songhai, Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland

Viewpoints 20.1: European Descriptions of Timbuktu and Jenne

Quiz for Viewpoints 20.1: European Descriptions of Timbuktu and Jenne

The Lives of the People of West Africa

Trade and Industry

Cross-Cultural Encounters Along the East African Coast

Muslim and European Incursions in Ethiopia, ca. 1500–1630

The Swahili City-States and the Arrival of the Portuguese, ca. 1500–1600

Listening to the Past: Duarte Barbosa on the Swahili City-States

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Duarte Barbosa on the Swahili City-States

The African Slave Trade

The Institution of Slavery in Africa

Global Trade: Slaves

Quiz for Global Trade: Slaves

The Transatlantic Slave Trade

Individuals in Society: Olaudah Equiano

Viewpoints 20.2: Perspectives on the Slave Trade

Quiz for Viewpoints 20.2: Perspectives on the Slave Trade

Impact on African Societies

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 20: Olaudah Equiano: African Voices in the Antislavery Movement

Document 20.1: Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, 1789

Document 20.2: Ottobah Cugoano, Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery, 1787

Document 20.3: Mary Prince, The History of Mary Prince, 1831

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 20: Olaudah Equiano: African Voices in the Antislavery Movement

Quiz for Online Document Project 20: Olaudah Equiano: African Voices in the Antislavery Movement

21. Continuity and change in East Asia, 1400–1800

Introduction for Chapter 21

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 21

Ming China, 1368–1644

The Rise of Zhu Yuanzhang and the Founding of the Ming Dynasty

Problems with the Imperial Institution

The Mongols and the Great Wall

The Examination Life

Individuals in Society: Tan Yunxian, Woman Doctor

Everyday Life in Ming China

Viewpoints 21.1: Zhang Dai, Engelbert Kaempfer, and Thomas Platter on Urban Amusements

Quiz for Viewpoints 21.1: Zhang Dai, Englebert Kaempfer, and Thomas Platter on Urban Amusements

Ming Decline

The Manchus and Qing China, to 1800

The Rise of the Manchus

Competent and Long-Lived Emperors

Imperial Expansion

Japan’s Middle Ages, ca. 1400–1600

Muromachi Culture

Civil War

The Victors: Nobunaga and Hideyoshi

The Tokugawa Shogunate, to 1800

Tokugawa Government

Commercialization and the Growth of Towns

Viewpoints 21.2: Chinese and Japanese Financial Advice

Quiz for Viewpoints 21.2: Chinese and Japanese Financial Advice

The Life of the People in the Edo Period

Maritime Trade, Piracy, and the Entry of Europe into the Asian Maritime Sphere

Zheng He’s Voyages

Piracy and Japan’s Overseas Adventures

Listening to the Past: Keinen’s Poetic Diary of the Korea Campaign

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Keinen’s Poetic Diary of the Korea Campaign

Europeans Enter the Scene

Christian Missionaries

Learning from the West

The Shifting International Environment in the Eighteenth Century

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 21: Tan Yunxian Chinese Medicine

Document 21.1: A Chinese Physician Takes a Patient’s Pulse, ca. 1800

Document 21.2: Chinese Apothecary Shop, ca. 1830

Document 21.3: An Acupuncturist and His Patient, ca. 1785

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 21: Tan Yunxian Chinese Medicine

Quiz for Online Document Project 21: Tan Yunxian Chinese Medicine

22. Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775–1825

Introduction for Chapter 22

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 22

Background to Revolution

Social Change

Demands for Liberty and Equality

The Seven Years’ War

The American Revolutionary Era, 1775–1789

The Origins of the Revolution

Independence from Britain

Framing the Constitution

Limitations of Liberty and Equality

Revolution in France, 1789–1791

Breakdown of the Old Order

The National Assembly

Listening to the Past: Abbé Sieyès, “What Is the Third Estate?”

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Abbé Sieyès, “What Is the Third Estate?”

Constitutional Monarchy

Viewpoints 22.1: The Question of Jewish Citizenship in France

Quiz for Viewpoints 22.1: The Question of Jewish Citizenship in France

The National Convention

The Directory

Napoleon’s Europe, 1799–1815

Napoleon’s Rule of France

Napoleon’s Expansion in Europe

The Grand Empire and Its End

The Haitian Revolution, 1791–1804

Revolutionary Aspirations in Saint-Domingue

The Outbreak of Revolt

Individuals in Society: Toussaint L’Ouverture

The War of Haitian Independence

Revolution in the Spanish Empire

The Origins of the Revolutions Against Colonial Powers

Resistance, Rebellion, and Independence

Viewpoints 22.2: Declarations of Independence

Quiz for Viewpoints 22.2: Declarations of Independence

The Aftermath of Revolution in the Atlantic World

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 22: Toussaint L’Ouverture: The Rights of Which Men?

Document 22.1: “Letter from the Slaves of Martinique,” August 29, 1789

Document 22.2: “Address to the National Assembly,” October 22, 1789

Document 22.3: Abbé Grégoire, “Letter to Those Who Love Mankind,” October 1790

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 22: Toussaint L’Ouverture: The Rights of Which Men?

Quiz for Online Document Project 22: Toussaint L’Ouverture: The Rights of Which Men?

23. The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760–1850

Introduction for Chapter 23

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 23

The Industrial Revolution in Britain

Why Britain?

Technological Innovations and Early Factories

The Steam Engine Breakthrough

Individuals in Society: Josiah Wedgwood

Steam-Powered Transportation

Industry and Population

Industrialization in Europe and the World

National and International Variations

Industrialization in Continental Europe

Agents of Industrialization

The Global Picture

Viewpoints 23.1: Indian Cotton Manufacturers

Quiz for Viewpoints 23.1: Indian Cotton Manufacturers

New Patterns of Working and Living

Work in Early Factories

Working Families and Children

The Sexual Division of Labor

Viewpoints 23.2: Women’s Role in Industrialized Europe

Quiz for Viewpoints 23.2: Women’s Role in Industrialized Europe

Listening to the Past: The Testimony of Young Mine Workers

Quiz for Listening to the Past: The Testimony of Young Mine Workers

Living Standards for the Working Class

Relations Between Capital and Labor

The New Class of Factory Owners

Responses to Industrialization

The Early Labor Movement in Britain

The Impact of Slavery

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 23: Josiah Wedgwood: Inventing a New Workforce

Document 23.1: Peter Gaskell, The Manufacturing Population of England: Its Moral, Social, and Physical Conditions, and the Changes Which Have Arisen from the Use of Steam Machinery, 1833

Document 23.2: Richard Guest, A Compendious History of the Cotton-Manufacture, 1823

Document 23.3: Robert Owen, A New View of Society, 1831

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 23: Josiah Wedgwood: Inventing a New Workforce

Quiz for Online Document Project 23: Josiah Wedgwood: Inventing a New Workforce

24. Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815–1914

Introduction for Chapter 24

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 24

A Conservative Peace Gives Way to Radical Ideas

The Political and Social Situation After 1815

Conservatism After 1815

Liberalism and the Middle Class

The Growing Appeal of Nationalism

Viewpoints 24.1: Different Views on Nationalism

Quiz for Viewpoints 24.1: Different Views on Nationalism

The Birth of Socialism

Reforms and Revolutions, 1815–1850

Social and Economic Conflict

Liberal Reform in Great Britain

Revolutions in France

The Revolutions of 1848 in Central Europe

Nation Building in Italy, Germany, and Russia

Cavour, Garibaldi, and the Unification of Italy

Individuals in Society: Giuseppe Garibaldi

Bismarck and German Unification

The Modernization of Russia

Urban Life in the Age of Ideologies

Urban Development

Social Inequality and Class

The Changing Family

Listening to the Past: Stefan Zweig on Middle-Class Youth and Sexuality

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Stefan Zweig on Middle-Class Youth and Sexuality

Science for the Masses

Cultural Shifts

Nationalism and Socialism, 1871–1914

Trends in Suffrage

The German Empire

Republican France

Great Britain and the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Jewish Emancipation and Modern Anti-Semitism

The Socialist Movement

Viewpoints 24.2: Socialist and Anti-Socialist Perspectives

Quiz for Viewpoints 24.2: Socialist and Anti-Socialist Perspectives

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 24: Giuseppe Garibaldi: Competing Visions of a United Italy

Document 24.1: The First Meeting Between Mazzini and Garibaldi, ca. 1870

Document 24.2: Giorgio Asproni on the Death of Cavour, 1860

Document 24.3: Giuseppe Mazzini, “Letter to Emilie Venturi,” May 2, 1870

Document 24.4: Giuseppe Bandi, “Description of Garibaldi,” 1903

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 24: Giuseppe Garibaldi: Competing Visions of a United Italy

Quiz for Online Document Project 24: Giuseppe Garibaldi: Competing Visions of a United Italy

25. Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800–1914

Introduction for Chapter 25

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 25

Africa: From the Slave Trade to European Colonial Rule

Trade and Social Change

Islamic Revival and Expansion in Africa

The Scramble for Africa, 1880–1914

Viewpoints 25.1: The Congo Free State

Quiz for Viewpoints 25.1: The Congo Free State

Southern Africa in the Nineteenth Century

Viewpoints 25.2: African Views of the Scramble for Africa

Quiz for Viewpoints 25.2: African Views of the Scramble for Africa

Colonialism’s Impact After 1900

The New Imperialism, 1880–1914

Causes of the New Imperialism

Listening to the Past: A French Leader Defends Imperialism

Quiz for Listening to the Past: A French Leader Defends Imperialism

A “Civilizing Mission”

Critics of Imperialism

African and Asian Resistance

The Islamic Heartland Under Pressure

Decline and Reform in the Ottoman Empire

Egypt: From Reform to British Occupation

Individuals in Society: Muhammad Ali

The Expanding World Economy

The Rise of Global Inequality

The World Market

Global Trade: Indigo

Quiz for Global Trade: Indigo

The Great Global Migration

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 25: Muhammad Ali: Reform Movements in the Late Ottoman Empire

Document 25.1: Ottoman Decree, “The Ignorance and Barbarism of the Bedouin,” 1870

Document 25.2: Rifa’a al-Tahtawi, A Paris Profile/, 1839

Document 25.3: Qasim Amin, The New Woman, 1900

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 25: Muhammad Ali: Reform Movements in the Late Ottoman Empire

Quiz for Online Document Project 25: Muhammad Ali: Reform Movements in the Late Ottoman Empire

26. Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800–1914

Introduction for Chapter 26

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 26

India and the British Empire in Asia

The Evolution of British Rule

The Socioeconomic Effects of British Rule

The British and the Indian Educated Elite

Viewpoints 26.1: Rammohun Roy and Thomas Babington Macauley on Education for Indians

Quiz for Viewpoints 26.1: Rammohun Roy and Thomas Babington Macauley on Education for Indians

Competition for Southeast Asia

The Dutch East Indies

Mainland Southeast Asia

The Philippines

Individuals in Society: José Rizal

China Under Pressure

The Opium War

Internal Problems

Viewpoints 26.2: Chinese and British Efforts to Reduce Infant Deaths

Quiz for Viewpoints 26.2: Chinese and British Efforts to Reduce Infant Deaths

The Self-Strengthening Movement

Republican Revolution

Japan’s Rapid Transformation

The “Opening” of Japan

The Meiji Restoration

Listening to the Past: Fukuzawa Yukichi, “Escape from Asia”

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Fukuzawa Yukichi, “Escape from Asia”

Industrialization

Japan as an Imperial Power

The Pacific Region and the Movement of People

Settler Colonies in the Pacific: Australia and New Zealand

Asian Emigration

The Countries of Asia in Comparative Perspective

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 26: José Rizal: Filipinos Fight Imperialism, Both Old and New

Document 26.1: José Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, and Mariano Ponce, 1890

Document 26.2: Filipinos Declare Their Independence, ca. 1900

Document 26.3: “English, the Common United States Language,” 1899

Document 26.4: General Arthur MacArthur, Congressional Testimony on the Philippine Insurrection, 1902

Essay Assignment Online Document Project 26: José Rizal: Filipinos Fight Imperialism, Both Old and New

Quiz for Online Document Project 26: José Rizal: Filipinos Fight Imperialism, Both Old and New

27. The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810–1910

Introduction for Chapter 27

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 27

New Nations

Liberalism and Caudillos in Spanish America

Mexico and the United States

Viewpoints 27.1: Mexican and American Perspectives on the U.S.-Mexican War

Quiz for Viewpoints 27.1: Mexican and American Perspectives on the U.S.-Mexican War

Liberal Reform in Mexico

Brazil: A New World Monarchy

Slavery and Abolition

Slave Societies in the Americas

Independence and Abolition

Abolition in Cuba and Brazil

Viewpoints 27.2: The Abolition of Slavery, from Above and Below

Quiz for Viewpoints 27.2: The Abolition of Slavery, from Above and Below

Export-Led Growth

The Porfiriato and Liberal Stability in Mexico

Liberal Consolidation in South America

Latin America Re-enters the World Economy

Individuals in Society: Henry Meiggs, Promoter and Speculator

Immigration

Immigration to Latin America

Immigration to the United States

Immigration to Canada

A New American Empire

U.S. Intervention in Latin America

The Spanish-American War

Listening to the Past: Reyita Castillo Bueno on Slavery and Freedom in Cuba

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Reyita Castillo Bueno on Slavery and Freedom in Cuba

The Panama Canal

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 27: Henry Meiggs: Nation Building in Postcolonial Latin America

Document 27.1: Francisco Bilbao, “Chilean Sociability,” 1844

Document 27.2: Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Letter to Don Valentin Alsina, 1847

Document 27.3: Juan Bautista Alberdi, Economic Growth in Latin America, 1853

Essay Assignment nline Document Project 27: Henry Meiggs: Nation Building in Postcolonial Latin America

Quiz for Online Document Project 27: Henry Meiggs: Nation Building in Postcolonial Latin America

28. World War and Revolution, 1914–1929

Introduction for Chapter 28

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 28

The First World War, 1914–1918

Origins and Causes of the Great War

The Outbreak of War

Stalemate and Slaughter

Viewpoints 28.1: Poetry of the Great War

Quiz for Viewpoints 28.1: Poetry of the Great War

The War Becomes Global

The Home Front

Mobilizing for Total War

Listening to the Past: The Experience of War

Quiz for Listening to the Past: The Experience of War

The Social Impact of War

Individuals in Society: Vera Brittain

Growing Political Tensions

The Russian Revolution

The Fall of Imperial Russia

The Provisional Government

Viewpoints 28.2: Russian Views of War and Revolution

Quiz for Viewpoints 28.2: Russian Views of War and Revolution

Lenin and the Bolshevik Revolution

Dictatorship and Civil War

The War’s Consequences

The End of the War

The Paris Peace Treaties

American Rejection of the Versailles Treaty

The Search for Peace and Political Stability, 1919–1929

Germany and the Western Powers

Hope in Foreign Affairs

Hope in Democratic Government

The Age of Anxiety

Uncertainty in Philosophy and Religion

The New Physics

Freudian Psychology

Twentieth-Century Literature

Modern Architecture, Art, and Music

Movies and Radio

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 28: Vera Brittain: Calling Young Women to War

Document 28.1: Third Red Cross Roll Call, ca. 1917–1918

Document 28.2: The Spirit of America, Join, ca. 1917–1918

Document 28.3: The Prettiest Fashion, 1915

Document 28.4: Red Cross or Iron Cross? ca. 1914–1918

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 28: Vera Brittain: Calling Young Women to War

Quiz for Online Document Project 28: Vera Brittain: Calling Young Women to War

29. Nationalism in Asia, 1914–1939

Introduction for Chapter 29

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 29

The First World War’s Impact on Nationalist Trends

Asian Reaction to the War in Europe

The Mandates System

Nationalism’s Appeal

Nationalist Movements in the Middle East

The Arab Revolt

Listening to the Past: Resolution of the General Syrian Congress at Damascus

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Resolution of the General Syrian Congress at Damascus

The Turkish Revolution

Modernization Efforts in Persia and Afghanistan

Gradual Independence in the Arab States

Arab-Jewish Tensions in Palestine

Toward Self-Rule in India

British Promises and Repression

The Roots of Militant Nonviolence

Gandhi’s Resistance Campaign in India

Viewpoints 29.1: Gandhi and Mao on Revolutionary Means

Quiz for Viewpoints 29.1: Gandhi and Mao on Revolutionary Means

Nationalist Struggles in East and Southeast Asia

The Rise of Nationalist China

China’s Intellectual Revolution

Individuals in Society: Ning Lao, a Chinese Working Woman

From Liberalism to Ultranationalism in Japan

Japan Against China

Striving for Independence in Southeast Asia

Viewpoints 29.2: Nationalism in Vietnam and Turkey

Quiz for Viewpoints 29.2: Nationalism in Vietnam and Turkey

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 29: Ning Lao: A Life Lived in Tumult uous Times

Document 29.1: Ning Lao, “Starvation,” 1945

Document 29.2: Ning Lao, “With the Civil Officials,” 1945

Document 29.3: Ning Lao, “With the Missionaries,” 1945

Document 29.4: Ning Lao, “The Japanese Come Again,” 1945

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 29: Ning Lao: A Life Lived in Tumult uous Times

Quiz for Online Document Project 29: Ning Lao: A Life Lived in Tumult uous Times

30. The Great Depression and World War II, 1929–1945

Introduction for Chapter 30

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 30

The Great Depression, 1929–1939

The Economic Crisis

Mass Unemployment

The New Deal in the United States

The European Response to the Depression

Worldwide Effects

Viewpoints 30.1: Becoming a Socialist

Quiz for Viewpoints 30.1: Becoming a Socialist

Authoritarian States

Conservative Authoritarianism

Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships

Stalin’s Soviet Union

From Lenin to Stalin

The Five-Year Plans

Life and Culture in Soviet Society

Stalinist Terror and the Great Purges

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy

The Seizure of Power

The Regime in Action

Hitler and Nazism in Germany

The Roots of Nazism

Viewpoints 30.2: Hitler, Mussolini, and the Great War

Quiz for Viewpoints 30.2: Hitler, Mussolini, and the Great War

Hitler’s Road to Power

The Nazi State and Society

Hitler’s Popularity

Aggression and Appeasement, 1933–1939

The Second World War, 1939–1945

Hitler’s Empire in Europe, 1939–1942

The Holocaust

Individuals in Society: Primo Levi

Japan’s Asian Empire

Listening to the Past: Ultranationalist Pamphlet for Japanese Students

Quiz for Listening to the Past: Ultranationalist Pamphlet for Japanese Students

The Grand Alliance

The War in Europe, 1942–1945

The War in the Pacific, 1942–1945

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 30: Primo Levi: Remembering the Holocaust

Document 30.1: Abraham Bomba Interview, 1990

Document 30.2: Dorotka Goldstein Roth Interview, 1989

Document 30.3: Leo Schneiderman Interview, 1990

Document 30.4: Ruth Webber Interview, 1992

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 30: Primo Levi: Remembering the Holocaust

Quiz for Online Document Project 30: Primo Levi: Remembering the Holocaust

31. Decolonization, Revolution, and the Cold War, 1945–1968

Introduction for Chapter 31

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 31

The World Remade

The Cold War and the Division of Europe

The United Nations

The Politics of Liberation

Dependency and Development Theories

Viewpoints 31.1: Modernization, Dependency, and Development

Quiz for Viewpoints 31.1: Modernization, Dependency, and Development

Interpreting the Postcolonial Experience

Nationalism in South Asia and the Middle East

Independence in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh

Arab Socialism in the Middle East

The Arab-Israeli Conflict

Revolution and Resurgence in East and Southeast Asia

The Communist Victory in China

Conflict in Korea

Japan’s American Reconstruction

The Vietnam War

Viewpoints 31.2: Ho Chi Minh, Lyndon Johnson, and the Vietnam War

Quiz for Viewpoints 31.2: Ho Chi Minh, Lyndon Johnson, and the Vietnam War

Decolonization in Africa

The Growth of African Nationalism

Listening to the Past: C. L. R. James on Pan-African Liberation

Quiz for Listening to the Past: C. L. R. James on Pan-African Liberation

Ghana Shows the Way

French-Speaking Regions

Revolutionary Pathways in Latin America

Economic Nationalism in Mexico

Populism in Argentina and Brazil

Individuals in Society: Eva Perón

Communist Revolution in Cuba

The Limits of Postwar Prosperity

The Soviet Union Struggles to Move Beyond Stalin

Western Europe’s Post war Challenge

America’s Economic Boom and Civil Rights Revolution

The World in 1968

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 31: Eva Perón: Gender Roles and Populist Politics

Document 31.1: Eva Perón Attends an Independence Day Ball, 1951

Document 31.2: Eva and Juan Perón Wave to Their Supporters, 1951

Document 31.3: Eva Perón Makes a Campaign Speech, 1951

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 31: Eva Perón: Gender Roles and Populist Politics

Quiz for Online Document Project 31: Eva Perón: Gender Roles and Populist Politics

32. Liberalization, 1968–2000s

Introduction for Chapter 32

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 32

Oil Shocks and Liberalization

The OPEC Oil Embargo

Global Trade: Oil

Quiz for Global Trade: Oil

Mexico Under the PRI

Nigeria, Africa’s Giant

War and Revolution in the Middle East

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

Egypt: Arab World Leader

Revolution and War in Iran and Iraq

Latin America: Dictatorship, Debt, and Democratization

Civil Wars in Central America

Boom and Bust in Chile

The Dirty War in Argentina

Development and Dictatorship in Brazil

Resistance to White Rule in Southern Africa

Portuguese Decolonization and Rhodesia

South Africa Under Apartheid

Viewpoints 32.1: The Struggle for Freedom in South Africa

Quiz for Viewpoints 32.1: The Struggle for Freedom in South Africa

Political Change in Africa Since 1990

Growth and Development in Asia

China’s Economic Resurgence

Viewpoints 32.2: Dissidents Aung San Suu Kyi and Liu Xiaobo

Quiz for Viewpoints 32.2: Dissidents Aung San Suu Kyi and Lin Xiaobo

“Japan, Inc.” and the “Asian Tigers”

Development Versus Democracy in India and Pakistan

The End of the Cold War

The Limits of Reform in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

Listening to the Past: A Solidarity Leader Speaks from Prison

Quiz for Listening to the Past: A Solidarity Leader Speaks from Prison

Individuals in Society: Václav Havel

Recasting Russia Without Communism

Integration and Reform in Europe

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 32: Václav Havel: Planning a Nonviolent Revolution

Document 32.1: Charter 77 Declaration, January 7, 1977

Document 32.2: Václav Havel, “The Power of the Powerless,” 1979

Document 32.3: Joseph Zvěřina, “On Not Living in Hatred,” 1979

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 32: Václav Havel: Planning a Nonviolent Revolution

Quiz for Online Document Project 32: Václav Havel: Planning a Nonviolent Revolution

33. The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

Introduction for Chapter 33

Guided Reading Exercise for Chapter 33

The End of History?

Complexity and Violence in a Multipolar World

An Expanding Atomic Age

Global Trade: Arms

Quiz for Global Trade: Arms

Al-Qaeda and Afghanistan

Viewpoints 33.1: George W. Bush, Osama bin Laden, and the 9/11 Attacks

Quiz for Viewpoints 33.1: George W. Bush, Osama bin Laden, and the 9/11 Attacks

Global Circulation and Exchange

Migration

Individuals in Society: Sieng, a Mnong Refugee in an American High School

Urbanization

Multinational Corporations

Listening to the Past: A Brazilian Band on Globalization

Quiz for Listening to the Past: A Brazilian Band on Globalization

Social Movements

Environmentalism

Lesbian, Gay, and Transgender Rights

Women’s Right to Equality

Viewpoints 33.2: Women Activists in Chiapas, Mexico

Quiz for Viewpoints 33.2: Women Activists in Chiapas, Mexico

Children: The Right to Childhood

Science and Technology: Changes and Challenges

Intensified Agriculture and the Green Revolution

Slowing Population Growth

The Medical Revolution

A Digital Revolution

Chapter Summary

Connections

Review and Explore

Chronology

Identify Key Terms

Review the Main Ideas

Make Connections

Suggested Reading

Online Document Project 33: The Immigration Debate

Document 33.1: The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965

Document 33.2: Fixing a Broken Immigration System, January 29, 2014

Document 33.3: We Are America, 2013

Document 33.4: Anti-Immigrant Protest, 2012

Essay Assignment for Online Document Project 33: The Immigration Debate

Quiz for Online Document Project 33: The Immigration Debate

About A History of World Societies, Tenth Edition

Copyright Page

Credits

Preface: Why This Book This Way

About the Authors