Document 10.4: Amda Siyon, “The King Returns to His Capital,” ca. 1300s

At the conclusion of The Glorious Victories, its author cut short his discussion of Amda Siyon’s military history and ended his account of Siyon’s reign with a short summary of his character and accomplishments. As you read it, think about the qualities the author associated with Siyon. In his view, what made Siyon a “good king”? His military prowess, his wisdom, his piety, or some combination of all of these?

Having done all this through the power of the creator, Amda Siyon king of Ethiopia returned in glorious victory and with much favour. He came back to his capital, returning in safety and with great joy. He praised God the Father because He had given him the victory; he worshipped the Son because (He had given him) strength in battle; and he prostrated himself before the Holy Spirit because He has placed the enemies beneath his feet. To Him praise and worship be given, and glory to the name of the Holy Trinity, world without end, Amen.

Much remains to be written about the war (carried on) day and night throughout the land of the Moslems by the king and his army. We have told (only) a little; we have not added (more), that the story might not be (too) long, and that it might not frighten the readers.

King Amda Siyon, gentle and humble like Moses and David; discerning, merciful, and patient, caring for the aged like his father, the young like his brother, the poor like his mother, and priests and monks like his Lord. Though king, he humbled himself before all like a poor man. He gave alms to the poor and needy; offerings to churches of gold and silver, and also ornaments. May God give him a reward on earth and in heaven, lengthen his days on earth, and save him from sudden death. May He give him a place in the kingdom of heaven with the good kings, for ever and ever.

Source: The Glorious Victories of Amda Seyon, King of Ethiopia, translated by G. W. B. Huntington (1965), 257w from pp. 108–109. © Oxford University Press 1965. By permission of Oxford University Press.

Questions to Consider

  1. What personal qualities did the author ascribe to Siyon? What connection might the author have made between these qualities and Siyon’s success in battle?
  2. What importance should we attach to the fact that the author compared Siyon to Moses and David? To what extent did he see Siyon as a religious figure?