How did agriculture affect life among the early societies in the western Sudan and among the Bantu-speaking societies of central and southern Africa?

New crops introduced from Asia and the establishment of settled agriculture profoundly changed many African societies, although the range of possibilities largely depended on local variations in climate and geography. Bantu-speakers took the knowledge of domesticated livestock and agriculture, along with the ironworking skills that had developed in northern and western Africa, and spread them south across central and southern Africa. The most prominent feature of early West African society was a strong sense of community based on blood relationships and religion. Extended families made up the villages that collectively formed small kingdoms.