Understanding World Societies:
Printed Page 483

Chapter Chronology

> CHAPTER 16 STUDY GUIDE

PUT IT ALL TOGETHER

Now, take a step back and try to explain the big picture. Remember to use specific examples from the chapter in your answers.

THE AFROEURASIAN TRADE WORLD BEFORE COLUMBUS

  • Which states were at the center of global trade prior to 1492? Why?
  • Why were Europeans at a trading disadvantage prior to 1492? How did geography limit European participation in world trade? What role did Europe’s economy and material culture play in this context?
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DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST

  • In your opinion, what was the most important motive behind European expansion? What evidence can you provide to support your position?
  • What was the Columbian exchange? How did it transform both Europe and the Americas?
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CHANGING VALUES AND BELIEFS

  • How did European expansion give rise to new ideas about race?
  • How did expansion complicate European’s understanding of themselves and their place in the world?
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LOOKING BACK, LOOKING AHEAD

  • If Europe was at the periphery of the global trading system prior to 1492, where was it situated by the middle of the sixteenth century? What had changed? What had not?
  • What connections can you make between our own experience of globalization in the twenty-first century and the experience of globalization in the sixteenth century? In what ways are the experiences similar? In what ways do they differ?
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