Part 14 Test Yourself

Page 569

TEST
YOUR-
SELF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Test yourself repeatedly throughout your studies. This will not only help you figure out what you know and don’t know; the testing itself will help you learn and remember the information more effectively thanks to the testing effect.

Social Thinking

Question

1. If we encounter a person who appears to be high on drugs, and we make the fundamental attribution error, we will probably attribute the person’s behavior to

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

2. Celebrity endorsements in advertising often lead consumers to purchase products through (central/peripheral) route persuasion.

Question

3. We tend to agree to a larger request more readily if we have already agreed to a small request. This tendency is called the - - - phenomenon.

Question

4. Jamal’s therapist has suggested that Jamal should “act as if” he is confident, even though he feels insecure and shy. Which social psychological theory would best support this suggestion, and what might the therapist be hoping to achieve?
Answer:
Cognitive dissonance theory best supports this suggestion. If Jamal acts confident, his behavior will contradict his negative self-thoughts, creating cognitive dissonance. To relieve the tension, Jamal may realign his attitudes with his actions by viewing himself as more outgoing and confident.

Social Influence

Question

5. Researchers have found that a person is most likely to conform to a group if

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

6. In Milgram’s experiments, the rate of compliance was highest when

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

7. Dr. Huang, a popular music professor, delivers fascinating lectures on music history but gets nervous and makes mistakes when describing exam statistics in front of the class. Why does his performance vary by task?
Answer:
The presence of a large audience generates arousal and strengthens Dr. Huang’s most likely response: enhanced performance on a task he has mastered (teaching music history) and impaired performance on a task he finds difficult (statistics).

Question

8. In a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity, a person sometimes loses self-consciousness and self-control. This phenomenon is called

Question

9. Sharing our opinions with like-minded others tends to strengthen our views, a phenomenon referred to as .

Antisocial Relations

Question

10. Prejudice toward a group involves negative feelings, a tendency to discriminate, and overly generalized beliefs referred to as .

Question

11. If several well-publicized murders are committed by members of a particular group, we may tend to react with fear and suspicion toward all members of that group. What psychological principle can help explain this reaction?
Answer:
This reaction could occur because we tend to overgeneralize from vivid, memorable cases.

Question

12. The other-race effect occurs when we assume that other groups are (more/less) homogeneous than our own group.

Question

13. Evidence of a biochemical influence on aggression is the finding that

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

14. Studies show that parents of delinquent young people tend to use beatings to enforce discipline. This suggests that aggression can be

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

15. A conference of social scientists studying the effects of pornography unanimously agreed that violent pornography

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

16. The aspect of pornographic films that most directly influences men’s aggression toward women seems to be the

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Prosocial Relations

Question

17. The more familiar a stimulus becomes, the more we tend to like it. This exemplifies the effect.

Question

18. A happy couple celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary is likely to experience deep love, even though their love has probably decreased over the years.

Question

19. After vigorous exercise, you meet an attractive person, and you are suddenly seized by romantic feelings for that person. This response supports the two-factor theory of emotion, which assumes that emotions, such as passionate love, consist of physical arousal plus

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

20. The bystander effect states that a particular bystander is less likely to give aid if

A.
B.
C.
D.
3
Correct!
Sorry, wrong answer.
Maximum tries = 3

Question

21. Our enemies often have many of the same negative impressions of us as we have of them. This exemplifies the concept of - perceptions.

Question

22. One way of resolving conflicts and fostering cooperation is by giving rival groups shared goals that help them override their differences. These are called goals.