chi-square test for goodness of fit (p. 432) chi-square test for independence (p. 432) Cramér’s V (p. 445) Relative risk Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient (p. 451) Mann–Whitney U test (p. 453) | The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient is a nonparametric statistic that quantifies the association between two ordinal variables. Relative risk is a measure created by making a ratio of two conditional proportions; also called relative likelihood or relative chance. The chi-square test for independence is a nonparametric hypothesis test that is used when there are two nominal variables. Cramér's V is the standard effect size used with the chi-square test for independence; also called Cramér's phi, symbolized as Φ. The chi-square test for goodness of fit is a nonparametric hypothesis test that is used when there is one nominal variable. The Mann–Whitney U test is a nonparametric hypothesis test used when there are two groups, a between-groups design, and an ordinal dependent variable. |