Printed Page 45(cont.)

Terms

Match each of the terms on the left with its definition on the right. Click on the term first and then click on the matching definition. As you match them correctly they will move to the bottom of the activity.

2.1 Frequency Distributions

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raw score (p. 24)
frequency distribution (p. 24)
frequency table (p. 24)
grouped frequency table (p. 28)
histogram (p. 30)
frequency polygon (p. 33)
A histogram is a graph that looks like a bar graph but depicts just one variable, usually based on scale data, with the values of the variable on the x-axis and the frequencies on the y-axis.
A frequency distribution describes the pattern of a set of numbers by displaying a count or proportion for each possible value of a variable.
A grouped frequency table is a visual depiction of data that reports frequencies within a given interval rather than the frequencies for a specific value.
A raw score is a data point that has not yet been transformed or analyzed.
A frequency table is a visual depiction of data that shows how often each value occurred; that is, how many scores were at each value. Values are listed in one column, and the numbers of individuals with scores at that value are listed in the second column.
A frequency polygon is a line graph, with the x-axis representing values (or midpoints of intervals) and the y-axis representing frequencies; a dot is placed at the frequency for each value (or midpoint), and the dots are connected.

2.2 Shapes of Distributions

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normal distribution (p. 35)
skewed distribution (p. 36)
positively skewed (p. 36)
floor effect (p. 36)
Negatively skewed (p. 36)
ceiling effect (p. 36)
Negatively skewed data have a distribution with a tail that extends to the left, in a negative direction.
A normal distribution is a specific frequency distribution that is a bell-shaped, symmetric, unimodal curve.
With positively skewed data, the distribution's tail extends to the right, in a positive direction.
A ceiling effect is a situation in which a constraint prevents a variable from taking on values above a given number.
A skewed distribution is a distribution in which one of the tails of the distribution is pulled away from the center.
A floor effect is a situation in which a constraint prevents a variable from taking values below a certain point.