| Phenomenon | Social context | Psychological effect of others’ presence | Behavioral effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social facilitation | Individual being observed | Increased arousal | Amplified dominant behavior, such as doing better what one does well (or doing worse what is difficult) |
| Social loafing | Group projects | Reduced feelings of responsibility when not individually accountable | Decreased effort |
| Deindividuation | Group setting that increases arousal and anonymity | Reduced sel | Lowered sel |