REVIEW & REHEARSE: 9 EVOLUTION and BEHAVIOR

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Question 9.16

An animal will preferentially feed on:

  • a) the largest prey it can find.
  • b) the prey that provides the most energy relative to effort.
  • c) the smallest prey it can find.
  • d) the prey that provides the most calories relative to the prey size.
  • e) the prey that provides the most calories relative to the predator size.

Question 9.17

From an evolutionary perspective, behavior can best be viewed as:

  • a) a trait that arises by learning, not by natural selection.
  • b) non-heritable.
  • c) a trait subject to drift and mutation, but not natural selection.
  • d) part of the phenotype.
  • e) All of the above are correct.

Question 9.18

During the breeding season, the sight of a red belly on any other stickleback triggers aggressive behavior in a male stickleback. This is called:

  • a) a fixed action pattern.
  • b) prepared learning.
  • c) aggressive conditioning.
  • d) sexual selection.
  • e) male-male competition.

Question 9.19

Babies in the United States easily develop a fear of snakes. Yet they don’t easily develop a fear of guns. Why?

  • a) Humans cannot develop fears of inanimate objects.
  • b) Evolution can be slow in producing populations that are adapted to their environments.
  • c) Babies are more likely to encounter snakes than guns in the United States.
  • d) Fewer individuals are killed by guns than by snakes in the United States each year.
  • e) All of the above are correct.