Chapter 4. 4·17–4·18 There are alternative pathways to energy acquisition.

Show What You Know - Self Quiz

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You must read each slide, and complete any questions on the slide, in sequence.

Instructions

Check your understanding of concepts from 4·17–4·18 There are alternative pathways to energy acquisition by answering the following questions.

1.

1. When fermentation occurs in grapes left on the vine, the final product is the ethanol used to make wine. When fermentation occurs in our muscles, the final product is:

oxygen.

ethanol as well.

2 ATP molecules.

2 lactic acid molecules.

2 NADH molecules.

Correct! (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

Incorrect. (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

2.

2. In harvesting the chemical energy of the molecules in food:

all macromolecules must first be converted into glucose or another simple sugar.

all macromolecules must first be converted into their hydrocarbon chains.

all macromolecules must first be converted into glucose.

all macromolecules must first be converted into proteins or free-form amino acids.

organisms can utilize sugars, lipids, and proteins.

Correct! (See section 4·18 Eating a complete diet: cells can run on protein and fat as well as on glucose.)

Incorrect. (See section 4·18 Eating a complete diet: cells can run on protein and fat as well as on glucose.)

3.

3. In animals, _______ is formed when pyruvate accepts electrons from NADH in the absence of oxygen.

lactic acid

yeast

glucose

water

ethanol

Correct! (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

Incorrect. (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

4.

4. In yeast, pyruvate typically is converted to acetaldehyde after glycolysis. In the absence of oxygen, acetaldehyde accepts electrons from ________, allowing glycolysis to resume, in turn producing ________.

glucose; glycerol

glucose; lactic acid

NADH; ethanol

NADH; lactic acid

ATP; water

Correct! (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

Incorrect. (See section 4·17 Beer, wine, and spirits are by-products of cellular metabolism in the absence of oxygen.)

5.

5. When amino acids are used in cellular respiration to make ATP, what part must be removed that often ends up in the urine?

the amino group

the side chain or variable group

the central carbon

the carboxyl group

the phosphate group

Correct! (See section 4·18 Eating a complete diet: cells can run on protein and fat as well as on glucose.)

Incorrect. (See section 4·18 Eating a complete diet: cells can run on protein and fat as well as on glucose.)

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