Chapter 11. 11·13–11·15 The phylum Chordata includes vertebrates...

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Instructions

Check your understanding of concepts from 11·13–11·15 The phylum Chordata includes vertebrates, animals with a backbone by answering the following questions.

1.

1. The important characteristics of chordates, such as a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve cord are found in tunicates:

in their pupal stage only.

in their adult stage only.

in both their larval and adult stages.

in their larval stage only.

only in females.

Correct. (See section 11·13 All vertebrates are members of the phylum chordata.)

Incorrect. (See section 11·13 All vertebrates are members of the phylum chordata.)

2.

2. An air environment, gravity, and desiccation are three challenges that were addressed in the evolution of reptiles. What three evolutionary innovations addressed these challenges?

dorsal nerve cord, notochord, and a post-anal tail

the amniotic egg, sturdy fins, and a cartilaginous skeleton

gills, bony skeleton, and lungs

better limb support, gills, and pharyngeal slits

lungs, better limb support, and the amniotic egg

Correct. (See section 11·15 The movement onto land required lungs, a rigid backbone, four legs, and eggs that resist drying.)

Incorrect. (See section 11·15 The movement onto land required lungs, a rigid backbone, four legs, and eggs that resist drying.)

3.

3. Chordate animals get their name from which prominent characteristic?

the rope-like extension of their tails beyond the anus

the elongated pharyngeal slits, appearing as piano keys

the bony skeleton supporting the spine

the presence of a rod of support tissue

the dorsal hollow nerve cord

Correct. (See section 11·13 All vertebrates are members of the phylum chordata.)

Incorrect. (See section 11·13 All vertebrates are members of the phylum chordata.)

4.

4. Which of the following is an animal with rigid bones, jaws, and a swim bladder?

lobe-finned fish

lampreys

salmon

hagfish

sharks

Correct. (See section 11·14 The evolution of jaws and fins gave rise to the vast diversity of vertebrate species.)

Incorrect. (See section 11·14 The evolution of jaws and fins gave rise to the vast diversity of vertebrate species.)

5.

5. The two most important evolutionary innovations in vertebrates, which resulted in their eventual domination of the large animal niches, were:

air breathing lungs and endothermy.

jaws and amniotic eggs.

air breathing lungs and a more efficient heart.

the ability to walk or fly.

opposable thumbs.

Correct. (See section 11·15 The movement onto land required lungs, a rigid backbone, four legs, and eggs that resist drying.)

Incorrect. (See section 11·15 The movement onto land required lungs, a rigid backbone, four legs, and eggs that resist drying.)

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