24.6–Hormones influence nearly every facet of an organism.
Hormones affect a person’s physique and physical performance, behavior, mood, and cognitive abilities, as well as health and longevity.
Q
Injecting a female prairie vole with a molecule that blocks oxytocin will have which of the following effects?
- a) The female will experience uterine contractions.
- b) The female will not bond with the male that she mates with.
- c) Male voles will reject the female and any of her offspring.
- d) The female will be unable to produce offspring.
- e) All of the above are correct.
All except one of the following pairs link a human gland with the hormone(s) it secretes. Which pairing is incorrect?
- a) adrenal cortex: cortisol
- b) pancreas: insulin
- c) testis: testosterone
- d) ovary: estrogen and progesterone
- e) thyroid: oxytocin
The pituitary gland is actually a fusion of two glands. Which of the following statements about its origins is correct?
- a) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum; the anterior pituitary develops from the pineal gland.
- b) The anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum.
- c) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum.
- d) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the anterior pituitary develops from a fold of tissue at the roof of the embryonic mouth.
- e) The anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary develops from a fold of tissue at the roof of the embryonic mouth.
What important issue has arisen about the evidence that castrating sex offenders is effective in stopping their criminal behavior?
- a) Only males have been tested; we can’t get a clear picture unless females are tested too (by having their ovaries removed).
- b) The evidence on repeat offenders was self-reported by the castrated offenders themselves.
- c) some cases, castration actually increased the tendency to re-offend.
- d) Only males from a particular culture and country were castrated, so it’s hard to extend the evidence to other cultures.
- e) In 100% of the cases, castration effectively stopped repeat offenses. The evidence is clear.