26.1–26.4: Your body has different ways to protect you against disease-causing invaders.

The immune system protects us from a diverse group of pathogens—disease-causing viruses and microorganisms, often referred to as “germs.”

Question 26.13

Which of the following statements about the inflammatory response is incorrect?

  • a) The release of histamine by mast cells initiates inflammation.
  • b) Cells lining blood vessels near inflamed tissue become “stickier” to neutrophils.
  • c) Pain can occur with inflammation, as increased pressure in an inflamed area stimulates local neurons.
  • d) The release of histamine causes blood vessels to constrict, reducing blood loss in an injured area.
  • e) Four signs of inflammation are swelling, redness, heat, and pain.

Question 26.14

Vaccines:

  • a) activate a primary response in the vaccinated individual.
  • b) lead to the creation of memory B cells that provide a rapid secondary response against a specific infectious agent.
  • c) are sometimes made of just the unique antigens from a pathogen’s surface.
  • d) All of the above are correct.
  • e) Only b) and c) are correct.

Question 26.15

The major difference between T cells and B cells is that:

  • a) T cells develop in the thymus, whereas B cells develop in the bone marrow.
  • b) T cells do not interact with the non-specific immune system, but B cells do.
  • c) T cells bind directly to foreign antigens, whereas B cells produce proteins (antibodies) that are secreted and bind to the foreign antigens.
  • d) All of the above are major differences between T cells and B cells.
  • e) Both a) and c) are major differences between T cells and B cells.

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