Important Terms

recombinant DNA technology

genetic engineering

biotechnology

restriction enzyme

restriction endonuclease

cohesive end

engineered nuclease

gel electrophoresis

probe

Southern blotting

Northern blotting

Western blotting

gene cloning

cloning vector

linker

cosmid

bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)

573

expression vector

yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

Ti plasmid

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Taq polymerase

reverse-transcription PCR

real-time PCR

DNA library

genomic library

cDNA (complementary DNA) library

in situ hybridization

positional cloning

chromosome walking

restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

DNA sequencing

dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (ddNTP)

next-generation sequencing technologies

DNA fingerprinting

microsatellite

short tandem repeat (STR)

forward genetics

reverse genetics

site-directed mutagenesis

oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis

transgene

knockout mice

knock-in mice

gene therapy