Chapter 14.2. Animation Activity: Overview of Eukaryotic Gene Expression

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Animation Assessment

Question

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2
Correct. The failure to cap an RNA polymerase II transcript will interfere with splicing, stability, and translation in eukaryotic cells. This would be a condition incompatible with life.
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Incorrect. The failure to cap an RNA polymerase II transcript will interfere with splicing, stability, and translation in eukaryotic cells. This would be a condition incompatible with life.

Question

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2
Correct. If the 3’ consensus is mutated, the RNA transcript will not cleave properly and no polyadenylation will occur. This will not affect either capping or splicing, but without polyadenylation, the transcript will most likely be unstable.
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Incorrect. If the 3’ consensus is mutated, the RNA transcript will not cleave properly and no polyadenylation will occur. This will not affect either capping or splicing, but without polyadenylation, the transcript will most likely be unstable.

Question

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2
Correct. With the exception of the branch point consensus, the internal sequence of the exon does not influence intron splicing. Therefore, in most cases a single nucleotide substitution in the middle of an exon would not affect the transcript. If, however, the base substitution created a new splice consensus site, it could lead to aberrant splicing. A base substitution in the middle of an exon would not prevent mRNA capping and would not be expected to destabilize the transcript.
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Incorrect. With the exception of the branch point consensus, the internal sequence of the exon does not influence intron splicing. Therefore, in most cases a single nucleotide substitution in the middle of an exon would not affect the transcript. If, however, the base substitution created a new splice consensus site, it could lead to aberrant splicing. A base substitution in the middle of an exon would not prevent mRNA capping and would not be expected to destabilize the transcript.

Question

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2
Correct. The two nucleotides at the 5’end of the intron are in the heart of the 5’ splice consensus. Their deletion would prevent splicing at that site. The disruption of splicing should not prevent cleavage at the 3’ end nor should it result in premature transcription termination. Disrupted splicing may indirectly lead to transcript destabilization or problems in transcript export, but answer B, is clearly the best choice.
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Incorrect. The two nucleotides at the 5’end of the intron are in the heart of the 5’ splice consensus. Their deletion would prevent splicing at that site. The disruption of splicing should not prevent cleavage at the 3’ end nor should it result in premature transcription termination. Disrupted splicing may indirectly lead to transcript destabilization or problems in transcript export, but answer B, is clearly the best choice.

Question

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2
Correct. Capping of the 5’ end takes place shortly after transcription initiation.
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Incorrect. Capping of the 5’ end takes place shortly after transcription initiation.

Question

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2
Correct. The first step of intron removal is cleavage at the 5’ end of the intron with a simultaneous transesterification reaction joining of the 5’ phosphate of the intron to the 2’ hydroxyl group on the ribose sugar of the adenosine nucleotide at the branch point.
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Incorrect. The first step of intron removal is cleavage at the 5’ end of the intron with a simultaneous transesterification reaction joining of the 5’ phosphate of the intron to the 2’ hydroxyl group on the ribose sugar of the adenosine nucleotide at the branch point.

Question

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2
Correct. There are three different consensus sequences that play important roles during mRNA intron splicing. One of these encompasses the 5’ end of the intron and includes a nearly invariant GU dinucleotide at the intron 5’ end. Another consensus encompasses the 3’ end of the intron and includes a nearly invariant AG dinucleotide at the intron 3’ end. The third consensus encompasses the branch point that is typically 18-40 nucleotides upstream of the 3’ splice site of the intron and invariably contains the branch point adenosine nucleotide.
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Incorrect. There are three different consensus sequences that play important roles during mRNA intron splicing. One of these encompasses the 5’ end of the intron and includes a nearly invariant GU dinucleotide at the intron 5’ end. Another consensus encompasses the 3’ end of the intron and includes a nearly invariant AG dinucleotide at the intron 3’ end. The third consensus encompasses the branch point that is typically 18-40 nucleotides upstream of the 3’ splice site of the intron and invariably contains the branch point adenosine nucleotide.