COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

Section 11.1

Question 1

1.What is the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis?

Question 2

2.What are isoaccepting tRNAs?

Question 3

3.What is the significance of the fact that many synonymous codons differ only in the third nucleotide position?

Question 4

4.Define the following terms as they apply to the genetic code:

  1. Reading frame

  2. Overlapping code

  3. Nonoverlapping code

  4. Initiation codon

  5. Termination codon

  6. Sense codon

  7. Nonsense codon

  8. Universal code

  9. Nonuniversal codons

Question 5

5.How is the reading frame of a nucleotide sequence set?

Section 11.2

Question 6

6.How are tRNAs linked to their corresponding amino acids?

Question 7

7.What role do the initiation factors play in protein synthesis?

Question 8

8.What events bring about the termination of translation?

Question 9

9.Compare and contrast the process of protein synthesis in bacterial and eukaryotic cells, giving similarities and differences in the process of translation in these two types of cells.

Section 11.3

Question 10

10.What are some types of posttranslational modification of proteins?

Question 11

11.Explain how some antibiotics work by affecting the process of protein synthesis.

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