gene

allele

locus, loci

genotype

homozygous

heterozygous

phenotype

monohybrid cross

P (parental) generation

F₁ (filial 1) generation

reciprocal cross

F₂ (filial 2) generation

dominant

recessive

principle of segregation

concept of dominance

chromosome theory of heredity

backcross

Punnett square

probability

multiplication rule

addition rule

conditional probability

testcross

wild type

dihybrid cross

principle of independent assortment

chi-square goodness-of-fit test

pedigree

proband

consanguinity