COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

Section 6.1

Question 1

1.List the different types of chromosome mutations and define each one.

Section 6.2

Question 2

2.Why do extra copies of genes sometimes cause drastic phenotypic effects?

Question 3

3.Draw a pair of chromosomes as they would appear during synapsis in prophase I of meiosis in an individual heterozygous for a chromosome duplication.

Question 4

4.What is the difference between a paracentric and a pericentric inversion?

Question 5

5.How can inversions in which no genetic information is lost or gained cause phenotypic effects?

Question 6

6.Explain why recombination is suppressed in individuals heterozygous for paracentric inversions.

Question 7

7.How do translocations in which no genetic information is lost or gained produce phenotypic effects?

Section 6.3

Question 8

8.List four major types of aneuploidy.

Question 9

9.What is the difference between primary Down syndrome and familial Down syndrome? How does each type arise?

Section 6.4

Question 10

10.What is the difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy? How does each arise?

Question 11

11.Explain why autopolyploids are usually sterile, whereas allopolyploids are often fertile.

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