EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers
EXERCISE 42–4Integrating sources in Chicago papers
Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide whether each student sample uses the source correctly. If the student has made an error in using the source, click on Error; if the student sample is correct, click on OK.
Click Submit after each question to see feedback and to record your answer. After you have finished every question, your answers will be submitted to your instructor’s gradebook. You may review your answers by returning to the exercise at any time. (An exercise reports to the gradebook only if your instructor has assigned it.)
Practices associated with normal births in medieval Europe are shrouded in secrecy, not because the births were hidden at the time, but because they were a woman’s ritual and women did not pass on information about them in writing. Indeed, we can be quite sure that the event of a birth was well known within the immediate community. Living close together, the neighbors would hear the cries of a woman in labor and would observe the midwife and female friends gathering around. But what occurred in the birthing chamber was not known to the men listening outside, and so it was not recorded. The learned clerical treatises on gynecology contain no descriptions of normal births, only abnormal ones. Male doctors never attended a normal birth, so they knew nothing about them. They were called in only when surgery was needed.
From Hanawalt, Barbara A. Growing Up in Medieval London. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
[The source passage is from page 42.]
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 1 of 10: Barbara Hanawalt observes that little is known about how women gave birth in medieval Europe “not because the births were hidden at the time, but because they were a woman’s ritual and women did not pass on information about them in writing.”1
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 2 of 10: According to Barbara Hanawalt, “Practices associated with normal births in medieval Europe were secret.”2
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 3 of 10: Although women in the Middle Ages, like women throughout history, had children, little is known about procedures related to ordinary births. “Practices associated with normal births in medieval Europe are shrouded in secrecy, not because the births were hidden at the time, but because they were a woman’s ritual and women did not pass on information about them in writing.”3
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 4 of 10: Barbara Hanawalt points out that neighbors would certainly have known when a birth was imminent because they “would hear the cries of a woman in labor and would observe the midwife and female friends gathering around.”4
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 5 of 10: Barbara Hanawalt notes that because “what occurred in the birthing chamber was not known to the men . . . it was not recorded.”5
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 6 of 10: According to Barbara Hanawalt,“Practices associated with normal births in medieval Europe are shrouded in secrecy, not because the births were hidden at the time, but because they were a woman’s ritual and women did not pass on information about them in writing. Indeed, we can be quite sure that the event of a birth was well known within the immediate community. Living close together, the neighbors would hear the cries of a woman in labor and would observe the midwife and female friends gathering around. But what occurred in the birthing chamber was not known to the men listening outside, and so it was not recorded.”6
Question
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 7 of 10: Little is known today about normal births in the Middle Ages. Barbara Hanawalt explains that births “were a woman’s ritual and women did not pass on information about them in writing. But what occurred in the birthing chamber was not known to the men listening outside, and so it was not recorded.”7
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 8 of 10: Barbara Hanawalt notes, “[Medieval] learned clerical treatises on gynecology contain no descriptions of normal births, only abnormal ones. Male doctors never attended a normal birth, so they knew nothing about them. They were called in only when surgery was needed.”8
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 9 of 10: Only abnormal births are described in learned medieval writings. “Male doctors never attended a normal birth, so they knew nothing about them. They were called in only when surgery was needed.”9
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EXERCISE 42–4 Integrating sources in Chicago papers - 10 of 10: Barbara Hanawalt observes that historians know little about normal childbirths in medieval times because childbirths were witnessed only by women, “and women did not pass on information about them in writing.”10